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Actixim is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, mainly for the treatment of severe infections of the respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, bones, joints, urogenital, blood, meningitis caused by susceptible bacteria. The drug is also used in the prevention of infection during surgery.
1. Uses of Actixim 1.5g
Actixim 1.5g has the main ingredient is Cefuroxim, a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic, belonging to the 2nd generation Cephalosporin group, effective on most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Very specific and effective antibacterial activity against many common pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing strains.
The antibacterial activity is attributed to its ability to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to essential target proteins. Cefuroxime is very stable to beta-lactamase enzymes of bacteria, especially Gram-negative bacteria, so it can be active against many strains resistant to Ampicillin or Amoxicillin. Actixim is indicated for the treatment of severe infections of the lower respiratory tract (including pneumonia), skin and soft tissue infections, bone/joint infections, and severe urinary-genital infections (including gonorrhea, bacteremia, and meningitis caused by susceptible bacteria.In addition, it is also used in the prophylaxis of surgical infections.
2. Dosage and how to use Actixim 1.5g
Dosage of Actixim 1.5g:
For adults, the usual dose is 750mg, every 8 hours, severe infections can be injected intravenously 1.5g, 6 hours or 8 hours / time. Children and infants: Use dose 30-60mg/kg/day, if necessary can increase to 100mg/kg/day, divided into 3-4 small doses. Newborns take the same total daily dose, but in 2-3 smaller doses. Meningitis caused by susceptible strains of bacteria: Adults, intravenous dose of 3g, every 8 hours; Children and very young children, intravenous dose 200-240mg/kg/day, divided into 3-4 small doses, after 3 days or when symptoms subside, the intravenous dose can be reduced to 100mg/kg/day ; Neonates, 100mg/kg/day intravenously, may reduce the oral dose by 50mg/kg/day when indicated. Gonorrhea: Use a single dose intramuscularly 1.5g. Can be divided into 2 injections of 750mg into 2 different sites, eg into 2 buttocks. Prophylaxis of surgical infections: The usual dose is 1.5g intravenously before surgery, then continue to inject 750mg intramuscularly, every 8 hours until 24-48 hours later. Renal impairment: Dosage depends on the creatinine clearance index: Creatinine clearance from 10 - 20ml/min, taking a dose of 750mg, every 12 hours; Creatinine clearance less than 10ml/min, dose 750mg/time/day; On dialysis, an additional 750mg should be administered after each dialysis session; When using continuous peritoneal dialysis, the appropriate dose is usually 750 mg / time, 2 times / day. How to use Actixim 1.5g:
Intramuscular route: Mix 750mg of sterile powder with 3ml of sterile water for injection. Shake gently to disperse and withdraw the entire amount obtained for deep intramuscular injection. Intravenous route: Dissolve 750mg of sterile powder with 8ml of sterile water for injection. The resulting solution is administered intravenously slowly, over 3-5 minutes, or through the tubing of an infusion set if the patient is receiving fluids. For a short intravenous infusion (up to 30 minutes), 1.5g can be dissolved in 50ml of one of the compatible solvents (sterile water for injection, 5% dextrose for injection, 0.9% sodium chloride for injection). ). Note:
Do not mix ACTIXIM in the syringe with Aminoglycoside antibiotics. Sodium bicarbonate injection should not be used to dilute cefuroxime sodium.
3. Contraindications Actixim 1.5g
Actixim 1.5g is contraindicated in subjects with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillins and cephalosporin antibiotics or to any of its ingredients.
4. Use Actixim with caution 1.5g
Some notes when using Actixim:
Long-term use of Actixim 1.5g may cause overgrowth of non-susceptible bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor for multiples, if there is a serious superinfection, the drug should be stopped immediately. Cephalosporin antibiotics in high doses should be used with caution in patients receiving concomitant potent diuretics such as furosemide, as this combination is suspected to impair renal function. Renal function should be checked, especially in critically ill patients receiving Actixim 1.5g maximum dose. Use with caution in people with a history of anaphylaxis due to taking penicillin, people with digestive diseases, especially colitis. There is no experimental evidence of fetal or teratogenic effects of cefuroxime, however, pregnant women should use cefuroxime with caution during early pregnancy. Cefuroxime is excreted in breast milk, therefore caution should be exercised when taking the drug during lactation.
5. Drug interactions
Some drug interactions that may occur during the use of Actixim 1.5g include:
Probenecid competes with Cefuroxime to be eliminated through the renal tubules, so when used together, it can make Cefuroxime plasma concentrations higher and prolong longer. Concomitant use of Cefuroxime with Aminoglycosides increases the potential for nephrotoxicity.
6. Side effects of Actixim 1.5g
Some possible side effects during treatment with Actixim 1.5g include:
Common: Digestive disorders such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. Uncommon: Urticaria, pruritus, eosinophilia, thrombophlebitis. Rare: Headache, interstitial nephritis, pseudomembranous colitis, Stevens - Johnson syndrome.
7. Actixim 1.5 overdose and treatment
Overdose can cause many reactions, in which severe reactions may be increased neuromuscular excitability, causing convulsions, especially in people with renal failure. Treatment of overdose by the following:
Protect the patient's airways, support ventilation and infusion. If seizures occur, discontinue use immediately. Anticonvulsant therapy may be used if clinically indicated. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may reduce serum cefuroxime concentrations, but most treatment of overdose is supportive or symptomatic.
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