Types of cancer that metastasize to bone

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Metastatic bone cancer, also known as secondary bone cancer, is advanced and cannot be completely cured. Choosing the right treatment methods will help patients reduce symptoms as well as slow down the rapid growth of metastatic cancer to the bone.

1. What is metastatic bone cancer?

When cancer metastasizes to the bones, it is collectively known as metastatic bone cancer or secondary bone cancer, because the cancer did not start in the bone. Bone metastases often occur in patients who have been previously diagnosed with cancer or who have late-stage cancer. In certain cases, pain from bone metastases may be the first sign of cancer.
Bone metastases mean that the cancer has progressed to an advanced stage and cannot be cured. However, not all cases of secondary bone cancer progress rapidly. It can progress more slowly and is treated as a chronic condition that requires careful management.
So can metastatic bone cancer be curable? Although metastatic bone cancer may not be completely cured, the right treatment will help patients live longer and feel more comfortable.

2. The most common types of cancer that metastasize to bone

The cancers most likely to metastasize to bone are prostate, breast, and lung cancers. In addition, some other types of cancer can also metastasize to the bones, such as:
Thyroid cancer Kidney cancer Melanoma Lymphoma Sarcoma Cervical cancer Gastrointestinal cancer In fact, Bones are the third most common site for cancer to metastasize, with the lungs and liver being the first two organs. Cancer cells can spread to one of the body's bones or to many bones at once. The most common sites for cancer to metastasize to bone include:
Ribs Backbone Hips Sternum Skull Normally, the bones of the human body tend to constantly change. As new bone tissue is being formed, old bone tissue breaks down into minerals that circulate in the blood. This process is also known as bone reorganization or remodeling. However, cancer cells can upset normal bone regeneration, causing bones to become too dense or weak, depending on the type of bone cells affected by the cancer.
Types of bone metastases can include:
Osteoblasts: When there are too many new bone cells, it often happens in prostate cancer that has spread to the bones. Bone loss: Too much bone is destroyed, which is common in breast cancer that has spread to the bone. In some specific cases, your bones may include both types of metastatic cancer.

3. Prospects and survival rates for bone metastatic cancer

As the mechanism of bone metastases is better understood, a number of new drugs and other treatments are being developed in a groundbreaking way. This helps target the cells involved in how the cancer enters and grows in the bone.
Currently, many studies have used nanoparticles with the size of billionths of a meter to deliver drugs, helping to bring many positive prospects for secondary bone cancer. These microscopic particles can deliver drugs into the bone with minimal toxicity to people with cancer.
Treating cancer that has spread to the bones quickly can provide better results by reducing pain and fracture risk, thereby improving the quality of life for patients. In addition, survival rates for secondary bone cancers vary widely, depending on the type and stage of the cancer. The general health status and type of treatment a patient receives for the primary cancer are also considered factors in survival rates.
In fact, the survival rate is just an average estimate collected from a certain number of cancer patients. Therefore, you should discuss your specific bone metastasis with your doctor.

4. Main treatment options for metastatic bone cancer

Many people wonder whether bone metastases are curable? However, the treatment options for this type of cancer mainly relieve symptoms and prevent them from growing rapidly in the body, thereby improving the survival rate and life expectancy of patients.
Treatment for secondary bone cancer in each patient is individual and requires a multidisciplinary approach. The treatment plan for bone metastases will depend on the following factors:
The type of primary cancer The stage of the cancer The bones are affected by the cancer Cancer treatments the patient has had before Patient's overall health Metastatic bone cancer can be treated with a combination of the following therapies:
Radiation therapy helps slow the growth of metastases and reduce pain. Chemotherapy helps kill cancer cells and shrink the size of tumors. Hormone therapy helps reduce hormones that are linked to prostate and breast cancer. Painkillers and steroids. Drugs that target the bones. Surgery to stabilize the bone, relieve pain, and immobilize the fracture. Physical therapy aims to strengthen muscles and help cancer patients move more easily. Heat or cold therapy, which helps target cancer cells and relieve pain. Besides, specific drugs that target bone are also an important part in the treatment of bone metastatic cancer. This treatment, known collectively as targeted therapy, is given early, before the patient experiences conditions such as bone injury or fracture. Some of the targeted drugs used to treat secondary bone cancer are:
Bisphosphonates : Bone-building drugs (like osteoporosis drugs), which strengthen bones and relieve pain from metastases. Denosumab: Is a type of human antibody, which effectively prevents bone degeneration and bone loss. Trastuzumab (Herceptin): Specifically targets breast cancer cells that have spread to bone. Radioactive elements: Injected into a vein, they help find and kill cancer cells in the bones. Bortezomib: Inhibitor of proteasomes that break down proteins, used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and some other cancers. In addition, some patients with metastatic bone cancer may also be eligible for clinical trials, which include trying new drugs and treatments and comparing results with existing treatment combinations. yes.

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References: healthline.com, cancer.org.au, cancer.org