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If estrogen is the female hormone, on the contrary, testosterone is the male hormone. As men age, the level of testosterone in the body decreases. The lack of testosterone in the body causes men to face some serious symptoms.
1. What is Testosterone Hormone?
Testosterone is a hormone that plays an extremely important role in men. Its main functions include stimulating libido, increasing erection ability, increasing sperm count and quality; In addition, it also plays a large part in building muscle and regulating bone health. In the male body, testosterone is produced mainly in the testicles (accounting for 95%) and a small amount in the adrenal glands (accounting for about 4%). In women, this hormone is produced to a small extent in the adrenal glands and ovaries.
Testosterone là hormone vô cùng quan trọng với nam giới
2. Testosterone hormone deficiency in men
According to the American Urological Association (AUA), a man will have a normal testosterone level of about 300-1,200 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL), depending on protein status, thyroid function, and a number of other factors. If it is less than 300 ng/dL, the person is diagnosed as having low testosterone levels. For women over the age of 19, normal testosterone levels will range between 8-60 ng/dL. Testosterone levels peak around 18-25 years of age before it gradually declines throughout the rest of adulthood.Normally, testosterone production decreases by about 1% per year in men aged 40 and over. This leads to a decrease in the level of testosterone in the blood. As you age, the number of Leydig cells in the testicles decreases and the production of testosterone also decreases. In addition, changes in the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus also play a part in this process.
Trắc nghiệm: Tìm hiểu về “bí mật” của các Hormone
Hormone hầu như quyết định tới toàn bộ các chức năng quan trọng của cơ thể. Nó “làm việc” miệt mài để phát tín hiệu và điều hòa sự hoạt động của các cơ quan trong cơ thể, mô cũng như tế bào nhất định. Để hiểu hơn về vai trò cũng như cách thức các hormone tác động lên cơ thể, bạn có thể làm bài trắc nghiệm sau đây.
Nguồn tham khảo: webmd.com
In older people, the hormone testosterone works less effectively. The main reason is that the body produces too much sex hormone-binding globulin hormone and reduces the function of testosterone. So, although testosterone production decreases by about 1% per year, the amount of the hormone testosterone that supports secondary sexual characteristics and libido decreases by 2-3% per year. Some other causes of low testosterone levels include chronic diseases (such as diabetes), testicular problems, diet, adrenal insufficiency, stress, being overweight or obese. or drugs used to treat these conditions. In particular, these chronic diseases are more common in older men than in young people.
Suy tuyến thượng thận có nguy cơ làm giảm testosterone
3. Symptoms of male hormone deficiency
Men with testosterone hormone deficiency may face the following common symptoms:
3.1 Low libido Testosterone has a very important role in the formation and stimulation of sexual desire. in men. When entering middle age, many people experience a serious decline in sex drive, making them no longer interested in sex.
3.2 Having trouble getting an erection Testosterone not only helps to stimulate a man's sex drive, but it also plays an integral role in helping men achieve and maintain an erection. This hormone cannot directly cause an erection, it stimulates receptors in the brain to produce nitric oxide, a molecule whose job is to catalyze the chemical reactions necessary for an erection. positive occurs. However, when testosterone levels are too low, it can make it difficult to get or maintain an erection before sex, or lead to erectile dysfunction (such as an erection during sleep). .
However, testosterone is only one of the factors that help the erection process take place correctly. The specific role of testosterone replacement in the treatment of erectile dysfunction has yet to be determined. When it comes to the benefits of testosterone in men with erection difficulties, about 50% of the test subjects experienced no improvement after testosterone treatment. A number of other health problems can also cause this condition, including:
Thyroid problems Diabetes High blood pressure Frequent smoking and alcohol abuse Having high cholesterol Constant stress, anxiety Sedimentation 3.3 Low Semen Semen is a thick, milky liquid that aids in the movement of sperm. For men, the hormone testosterone has a significant effect on the production of semen. If testosterone levels are low, semen volume will decrease after ejaculation occurs. When the sperm production is not enough, it will make it difficult for a woman to conceive.
Mức testosterone thấp có nguy cơ làm giảm lượng tinh dịch
3.4 Loss of Muscle Testosterone is a major contributor to muscle building and mass in men. If testosterone levels are low, muscle mass in the body will decrease significantly. Some recent studies have also shown that testosterone levels have an effect on muscle mass, but it's not really necessary in increasing muscle strength or function.
3.5 Decrease in bone mass The conditions of bone loss, osteoporosis, thinning of bones or reduction in bone mass are mostly found in women. However, this condition can also occur in men with low testosterone levels. Because testosterone is an important hormone involved in the production and strengthening of bone health. As a result, older, testosterone-depleted men often have lower bone mass and are more prone to fractures.
3.6 Hair Loss In addition to building muscle mass, testosterone also plays a major role in maintaining a number of bodily functions, such as the growth and development of hair and body hair. Men with low testosterone levels may experience baldness or loss of hair in other areas of the body such as the face and underarms.
3.7 Fatigue Many men with low testosterone levels face extreme fatigue and low energy. They may feel tired all the time despite getting enough sleep or rest, and even find it difficult to exercise and exercise.
3.8 Increase in body fat Low testosterone levels can also cause problems that affect men's health, typically increasing the amount of fat stored in the body. Occasionally, they may experience gynecomastia or enlarged breast tissue in men. This change is caused by an imbalance between the two hormones testosterone and estrogen in men.
Mức testosterone thấp làm gia tăng lượng mỡ thừa tích tụ trong cơ thể
3.9 Mood swings No matter how strong a man is, mood swings are inevitable, especially when testosterone levels in the body drop. This hormone has an influence on many physical processes of the body, in addition, it also greatly affects the mood swings of people.
Studies have shown that men with testosterone deficiency are more likely to face problems such as irritability, depression or lack of concentration. These symptoms can also partly stem from other health problems, such as depression, anemia, sleep disorders or chronic medical conditions.
4. Control testosterone decline in men
The most effective way for men who want to maintain testosterone at a stable level is to make lifestyle changes. The main culprits for "swallowing" testosterone include not eating a balanced and healthy diet, getting little sleep, not exercising regularly, alcohol abuse, and smoking. In particular, when the body is in a state of stress, cortisol levels will increase, causing a sharp drop in testosterone. Therefore, men need to balance their life between working and relaxing and actively exercising.
For nutrition, you should eat more fats, healthy monounsaturated fats, such as avocado, eggs, coconut oil, olives, nuts, etc. Sunbathing more and get enough sleep. In addition, you can refer to training exercises that increase the intensity of muscle work such as sprinting, lifting weights or cycling. However, avoid overtraining to avoid fatigue and adverse health effects.
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Articles refer to sources: webmd.com, uptodate.com
