This is an automatically translated article.
Article written by BSCK I Hoang Thi Thu Huong, Obstetrics Department - Vinmec Times City International Hospital
Polycystic ovary syndrome is an abnormal increase in the level of androgens (male hormones), these substances disrupt the development of ovarian follicles, from which the ovaries appear many small follicles. Because the follicle does not develop and cannot mature, ovulation does not occur leading to the inability to conceive.
1.General
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, is one of the main causes of infertility.
The rate of 5-10% of women of reproductive age with the following manifestations: menstrual disorders (amenorrhea, amenorrhea, anovulatory cycles), increased androgen secretion (hirsutism, lots of acne), infertility, obesity, type 2 diabetes
Women with polycystic ovaries have an abnormal increase in androgen (male hormone) levels, which disrupt the development of ovarian follicles, causing the ovaries to appear many small cysts. Because the follicle does not develop and cannot mature, ovulation does not occur leading to the inability to conceive.
2. Cause
The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome is currently unknown, possibly due to:
Heredity; Insulin is in excess, boosting the production of androgens by the ovaries; High-carbohydrate diet.
Dư thừa insulin gây ra hội chứng buồng trứng đa nang
3. Diagnosis of polycystic ovary
Criterion 1: amenorrhea or amenorrhea: menstrual cycle is more than 35 days or amenorrhea is more than 6 months. Criterion 2: hyperandrogen, with symptoms of hirsutism, acne... Blood test: LH > 10 mIU/ml
LH/FSH ratio > 2
Androgen: testosterone over 2.5 nmol/l or >1.5 ng/ml
Standard 3: ultrasound day 2-5 of menstrual cycle or day 3 of artificial cycle: 12 follicles 2-9mm, stromal proliferation. Ovarian volume > 10cm3 . Recent studies suggest: transvaginal ultrasound: > 25 follicles/ovary. Abdominal ultrasound: ovary volume > 10cm3
And showing at least one ovary.
Diagnosis of polycystic ovary when 2/3 of the above criteria are present.
4. Treatment of polycystic ovaries
Treatment of PCOS usually begins with lifestyle changes such as weight loss, diet, and exercise. Losing just 5-10% of body weight helps regulate menstrual cycles and improves PCOS symptoms, improves cholesterol levels, lowers insulin, and reduces the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
In the case of not having to treat infertility : you can take some hormonal drugs to induce menstrual cycle, but when you stop using them, the symptoms may return. In case of infertility treatment: Polycystic ovary syndrome causes ovulation disorder, failure to ovulate leading to infertility, so the aim of treatment is to induce ovulation by: + Using drugs to stimulate the development follicle development.
+ Reduces androgen levels in the blood, improves the menstrual cycle, thereby increasing the possibility of pregnancy.
Laparoscopic surgery to burn spots on the surface of the ovary. This is a new technique, the rate of ovulation is high, after surgery, the patient has a better response to ovarian stimulation drugs.
Hình ảnh buồng trứng bình thường
Hình ảnh buồng trứng đa nang
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