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Intracranial hypertension syndrome is an increase in pressure in the brain. Patients with raised intracranial pressure need to be treated promptly to avoid possible serious complications such as permanent brain damage or even death.1. What is raised intracranial pressure syndrome?
Intracranial hypertension syndrome is an increase in pressure in the brain. It can be caused by an increase in the amount of fluid around the brain tissue, such as an increase in cerebrospinal fluid, or an increase in the amount of blood in the brain due to an injury or a ruptured brain tumor.
Brain tissue is swollen due to trauma or certain diseases, which can be the cause of the syndrome of increased intracranial pressure.
Brain trauma can be a cause of increased intracranial pressure, and raised intracranial pressure syndrome can also be a cause of brain injury.
Increased intracranial pressure is a very dangerous condition, threatening the patient's life. Patients should receive emergency treatment immediately if symptoms of the disease appear.
2. Signs of raised intracranial pressure syndrome
Some common symptoms in patients with increased intracranial pressure such as:
Nausea, vomiting with headache, this condition usually occurs in the morning High blood pressure Headache, often appears when changing posture Decreased level of consciousness Confusion about time, location Mental disturbances: sluggish response, slowness, inflexibility Dizziness Appearing seizures Tinnitus Endocrine disorders Coma Vision reduced vision Shallow breathing Loss of consciousness Signs of ICP syndrome can be signs of a serious medical condition with increased ICP, such as a stroke or brain tumor. or brain injury.
The signs of raised intracranial pressure in children are the same as those in adults. The most common cause of illness in children is child abuse. Children with increased intracranial pressure under 12 years of age will have signs of skull dilatation, because the skull plate is still soft.
Hội chứng tăng áp lực nội sọ là sự gia tăng áp lực trong não
3. Causes of raised intracranial pressure syndrome
The most common cause of raised intracranial pressure syndrome is head trauma.
Some other causes of this condition include:
Too much fluid around the brain and spinal cord (cerebrospinal fluid) Bleeding in the brain Swelling of the brain Swollen blood vessels Some areas of the brain are bleeding Accumulation Due to a brain tumor Infection, such as encephalitis or meningitis High blood pressure Stroke Decreased blood oxygen level Hydrocephalus (CSF accumulation in brain cavities) Seizures Convulsions Brain Baby: due to small skull, early fontanel condition Brain hemorrhage
4. Diagnosis of raised intracranial pressure syndrome
Doctors diagnose raised intracranial pressure syndrome through a number of measures:
Through information about the patient's medical history, including recent head injuries or due to certain medical conditions. diagnosed, sensory examination, mental state... Assess cerebrospinal fluid pressure by lumbar puncture (lumbar puncture) CT scan to observe brain images For diagnosis identify, perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect changes in brain parenchyma (the obtained images show more detail than CT scans)
Nguyên nhân thường gặp gây nên hội chứng tăng áp lực nội sọ là do chấn thương đầu
5. Treatment of raised intracranial pressure syndrome
Treatment of ICP depends on the rate at which cranial pressure develops. Reducing pressure inside the skull is the most pressing goal of treating raised intracranial pressure.
Effective measures to reduce intracranial pressure include draining the fluid around the brain and spinal cord through a catheter or creating a small hole in the skull. Some medications can reduce pressure by removing fluid from the body, such as those containing mannitol and hypertonic saline. Your doctor may prescribe sedation if your high blood pressure causes a severe increase in intracranial pressure.
Some other less common treatment options for raised intracranial pressure include:
Part of the skull removed Anesthesia Hypothermia or cooling of the body
6. Complications of raised intracranial pressure syndrome
Patients with increased intracranial pressure, if not handled in time, will cause a pathological spiral, causing increased intracranial pressure, leading to the risk of stroke, convulsions... even causing irreparably damaged brain. Long-term disease can cause dangerous complications such as brain failure, causing death in patients.
7. Prevention of increased intracranial pressure
While ICP cannot be prevented, it can be prevented by avoiding head injuries. When traveling by motorbike, you should wear a helmet and wear a seat belt when traveling by car. Falls are also a common cause of head injuries, especially in the elderly.
When signs such as blurred vision or unexplained headache appear, CT or MRI should be performed to rule out increased intracranial pressure.
Patients with raised intracranial pressure need to be monitored and treated for the underlying cause.
Vinmec International General Hospital with a system of facilities, fully equipped with modern machinery and medical equipment, the most advanced imaging equipment to support diagnosis and treatment such as: CT SCAN Toshiba 640 slices, cerebral angiogram, G.E 3.0 MRI (MRI) scanner, MRA and CTA...for clear image quality, easy diagnosis and treatment of brain and spine diseases of patients both medical and surgical pathology....with a team of experts, doctors with many years of experience in the examination and treatment of neurological diseases, patients can completely rest assured to examine and treat neurological diseases. in general and brain abscess in particular at Vinmec.
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