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Treatment of kidney stone pain is mainly pain relief and treatment of blockages in the urinary tract. Your doctor will prescribe medications to relieve kidney stone pain such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antispasmodics, and muscle relaxants. If these drugs don't work, your doctor may consider intravenous morphine to relieve the pain.
1. What is kidney stone pain? Kidney stones are formed by minerals or acid salts crystallized in the urine, can stay in the kidney or move to the ureter, if the kidney stone is too large, it cannot move out of the kidney, easy to get stuck in the ureter. causing pain. Diseases of ureteropelvic junction stenosis, polycystic kidney, kidney calcification, ureteral stenosis, vesicoureteral reflux, renal tubular dilation, renal tubular acidosis, hyperparathyroidism, gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn's syndrome, granulomatous disease, chronic diarrhea, urinary tract infections, malabsorption, and gastric bypass surgery for fat loss can all lead to stone formation.
When stones appear in the kidney, the urinary tract will be constricted and squeezed, causing blockage, urine is stagnant, increasing pressure on the renal pelvis, leading to pain of kidney stones.
Severe pain, renal colic that begins on one side of the waist or both sides of the lower ribs, spreads gradually from the lower back to the front to the pelvis or below the thigh and may spread to the genitals is a symptom. The most characteristic symptom of kidney stone pain. If the stone is small or medium in the renal pelvis or ureter, it only causes mild pain in the lower back and hip. If the stone is in the bladder neck or enters the urethra, it causes pain along with urinary retention. In case the stones develop into larger stones, you will feel pain when sitting for a long time, when the sudden change in position is due to the pressure of the stone on the tissue area around the kidney. The pain can last from 20 to 60 minutes, even for several hours, sometimes accompanied by hematuria, chills, fever.
Thuốc giảm đau sỏi thận Opioid
2. How to take kidney stone pain reliever It is necessary to relieve pain and treat the point of obstruction, blood clot or pus due to infection to relieve the pain of kidney stones. Below are the medications used to relieve pain caused by kidney stones that are prescribed by your doctor.
2.1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers Renal colic pain is reduced after taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used as Piroxicam intramuscularly, Efferalgan intravenous infusion, Indomethacin rectally.
If treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is not effective, switch to stronger opioid pain relievers. Doctors inject Lidocaine directly into the vein effective within the first 3-5 minutes for renal colic that has not responded to conventional pain relief measures. According to the protocol, Lidocaine 120 mg is mixed in 100 ml of physiological saline for continuous flow within 10 minutes to treat pain for patients.
2.2. Muscle relaxants, antispasmodics Antispasmodics or pain relievers intravenous morphine will be used to relieve the pain of renal colic when mild analgesics do not work.
2.3. Treatment of infections with antibiotics Treatment of infections with common antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin 200mg IV 2 vials daily or Norfloxacin 2 tablets daily divided into 2 doses or Ceftriaxon 1g IV twice daily if contraindicated with Quinolone, applied to people with kidney stones with urinary tract infections, fever or leukocytosis.
2.4. Diuretics If renal colic occurs due to kidney stones but the size of the stones is small, it is possible to use more Thiazide diuretics such as Hydrochloro thiazid, Bendroflumethiazide, Chlorthalidone to let the stones pass through the urinary tract.
In short, when there is severe kidney stone pain, the patient is not allowed to self-treat at home, but needs an emergency at the hospital for a specialist to distinguish, accurately conclude the cause, perform tests. and diagnostic imaging for timely treatment, avoiding dangerous complications.
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