How to treat periodontal disease?

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1. Types of gum around teeth

In case of periodontal damage, all components of the periodontal tissue such as gums and alveolar bone will be uniformly atrophied, exposing the roots but not forming pockets around the teeth. The tooth structure, if it is damaged around the teeth, will manifest as follows:
Bone loss in the teeth horizontally, evenly but prominently in the incisors and palatal surfaces of the upper molars The cement layer is often over early and the periodontal ligaments do not change Alveolar column and bone marrow space may have bone resorption No signs of inflammation in typical cases For the form of periodontitis, there is usually more or less inflammation of the gums, teeth oscillation, periodontal pocket above or below bone, periodontal pocket can be in one tooth, a group of teeth or all teeth. There will always be specific alveolar bone resorption as follows:
Horizontal: Is the condition where the cementum junction of 2 consecutive teeth is resorbed in parallel Longitudinal: Gives images of the perineum, ladder or funnel. Bones can be proximal or distal, vestibular or lingual, complicated cases can involve both transverse and longitudinal bone resorption.

2. Causes of periodontal disease:

Based on the age of onset, periodontal disease can be divided into 2 types with different causes:
Chronic adult periodontitis Juvenile periodontitis Chronic periodontitis in adults often appears slowly in adults. Age over 35 years can be caused by local, systemic or genetic causes, namely:
Bacterial Plaque Excessive biting force that spreads existing inflammation Biting overload, biting dysfunction acting on Inflamed periodontitis destroys periodontal tissue Wrong fillings, dry mouth, smoking causes gingivitis While juvenile periodontitis is periodontal disease that occurs suddenly in teenagers in good health, characterized by rapidly progressive bone resorption. The disease runs in families as twins often have similar lesions. Some studies have also suggested that the association of juvenile gingivitis is related to the HLA system, but different results do not allow to confirm this.

3. How is periodontal disease treated?

For chronic periodontal resorption in adults, treatment is mainly local, systemic treatment only to supplement and control sepsis. In the early stages of the disease, stimuli are easily identified and can be completely eliminated by scaling and curettage. However, at an advanced stage, more complex surgical techniques will be needed with the aim of:
Eliminate stagnation of periodontal pockets Establish an appropriate bony contour and physiological gingival disease The disease usually stabilizes after Treatment is performed but maintenance is dependent on oral hygiene. For juvenile periodontitis, lesions will generally respond to conventional treatment. These patients often respond as well to periodontal surgery as patients with chronic periodontitis, with very rapid scarring and bone filling. In addition, it is also recommended to combine treatment with tetracycline antibiotics with broad antibacterial spectrum. However, the best treatment is still bone grafting combined with Tetracycline.
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Therefore, when there is any problem, you can go to the hospital to be checked for appropriate instructions from a specialist doctor. Avoiding leaving for a long time will affect the structure and aesthetics of the teeth.

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