Common diseases in children in the hot season - Guidelines for prevention and treatment

This is an automatically translated article.

This article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Vu Quoc Anh - Pediatrician - Pediatrics - Neonatology Department - Vinmec Danang International General Hospital. The doctor has nearly 10 years of experience as a resident and treating physician.
In the summer, the air humidity is quite high, creating favorable conditions for pathogens such as bacteria, viruses,... to break out. Children become susceptible to diseases because their resistance is still weak. Therefore, parents need to pay attention to common diseases in summer to take measures to prevent and handle safely.

1. Diseases that children often get in the hot season

1.1. Diarrhea

Summer is the time of outbreaks and diarrheal diseases. Part of the reason is due to hot weather, easily spoiled food, and a polluted environment that spreads diarrheal pathogens. In this weather, children are often thirsty, so it is easy to drink unhygienic beverages.

1.2. Food poisoning

In hot weather, if food is not preserved carefully and the processing does not ensure food hygiene and safety, it will be the cause of food poisoning in children, especially in the school environment.

1.3. Viral infection

Summer is also the time when children are susceptible to viral infections leading to fever, rash, fussiness, vomiting, difficulty eating,... Some dangerous viruses can be harmful to children. Parents need to pay attention to proactively prevent with vaccines to prevent infectious diseases such as influenza virus, chickenpox, measles, mumps, rubella,...

1.4. Japanese encephalitis

The incidence of Japanese encephalitis B in children is often higher than in the rainy season. This disease is quite dangerous if left untreated, it can lead to death. However, this disease now has a vaccine for Japanese encephalitis, somewhat reducing the risk for children.

1.5. Meningitis in children

Meningitis is an infection of the tissue layers around the brain and spinal cord and is usually caused by HI bacteria, pneumococcus, meningococcal or by viruses, parasites, or fungi. The number of children hospitalized for meningitis is increasing, ominously, among hospitalized children, there are many cases of serious complications, typically neurological complications, seizures.

1.6. Hand, foot and mouth disease (TCM)

The disease usually occurs in children under 5 years old; especially in the group of children under 3 years old, the possibility of transmission is very high, causing a lot of worry for families with young children. The disease is particularly related to personal and environmental hygiene. Hand, foot and mouth becomes more dangerous if neurological complications such as tremors, convulsions, convulsions, panic, lethargy, etc. If the child encounters these symptoms, parents should bring the child to the hospital. hospital for prompt treatment.

1.7. Dengue fever (DHF)

Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the dengue virus. Mosquitoes are the cause of disease transmission, transmitting the dengue virus from an infected person to a healthy person. The disease usually increases in the rainy season. When in mild form, the disease will cause high fever, rash, muscle and joint pain, blood clotting disorder, multi-organ failure,... If not diagnosed and treated promptly, it can lead to severe dengue fever. causes heavy bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure (shock), and death.

1.8. Other diseases

In the midst of hot weather and high ambient temperature, children often suffer from heat rash, which is very uncomfortable and itchy. Or children can get heatstroke if they play outside in the hot sun for too long. Because the child's body loses a lot of water and mineral salts through the excretion of sweat on the skin, through the breath because of hot weather.

2. Some preventive measures for children in the hot season

Creating good personal hygiene habits Creating a habit of washing hands properly - before eating, after going to the toilet and playing, will help children effectively remove dangerous pathogens from the table. his hand.
Eating hygienically The processing and preservation of food and drinks must strictly comply with the food safety and hygiene regulations of the Ministry of Health, in order to eliminate as much as possible pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. chemicals can be harmful to the health of children.
Create a clean and safe living environment Always keep the living environment airy and fresh such as: clearing the environment, removing standing water to prevent the growth of mosquitoes that are the vectors of dengue fever. help limit the spread of dangerous infectious diseases. In addition, parents should create a habit of sleeping under a mosquito net, participating in the movement to kill larvae,...
Increase the amount of fluid you drink Always increase the amount of water needed for the body, especially drinking water. rich in minerals and vitamins such as fruit juices, fresh orange juice, fresh coconut water, cold boiled water, ... help the child's body always stay cool and strengthen health to fight diseases.
Fully vaccinated against dangerous diseases suitable for children's ages with available vaccines, helps children to be best protected during this hot season.

3. Where should I check and treat summer diseases?

When the child shows abnormal signs, parents should take the child to a reputable medical facility. Pediatric Center at Vinmec international general hospital system has been treating pediatric respiratory and tropical infections, with the following advantages:
Modern and advanced facilities system: Pressure room One-way ventilation sound, helps to isolate pediatric patients well, limiting infection to surrounding pediatric patients. A team of dedicated doctors with extensive experience from leading pediatric hospitals in Vietnam Moreover, the treatment in a quiet, sterile environment, minimizing external influences at Vinmec helps children recover quickly to reduce the length of hospital stay for children. In order to limit the incidence of diseases in the hot season for young children, parents should pay attention to a diet to improve children's resistance. At the same time, add supporting foods containing lysine, essential micro-minerals and vitamins such as zinc, chromium, selenium, B vitamins,... snacks and less digestive problems.
Parents can learn more:
Why do you need to supplement Lysine for your baby?
The role of zinc - Guidelines for reasonable zinc supplementation
Please visit the website Vinmec.com regularly and update useful information to take care of your baby and family.