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Cognitive disorders are a type of mental health disorder that mainly affects the cognitive abilities of the person with the disease. For any cognitive disorder, the patient also needs to be rehabilitated, including those caused by brain damage.1. What is a cognitive disorder caused by brain damage?
A cognitive disorder is a health disorder that affects cognitive abilities such as learning, concentrating, remembering, or problem solving. Meanwhile, the brain is the central organ that controls all functions of the body, including cognitive function, so when the brain is damaged, it will lead to unwanted cognitive disorders.To assess the degree of cognitive dysfunction people often rely on a lack or loss of accuracy and efficiency in performing key activities of specific cognitive functions such as executive functioning, learning and recording. memory, perceptual, language, attention, or social perception disturbances.
2. Brain damage can cause cognitive disorders
Some brain damage that can lead to cognitive disorders in patients include:Cerebrovascular accident (cerebral stroke): is a condition in which the blood supply to the brain is stopped, causing an area of the brain to be blocked. Without blood to nourish, as a result, nerve cells die. If the damaged area assumes a cognitive role, cognitive disorders will occur in this patient depending on the level of the traumatic brain injury: it can be caused by traffic accidents, work accidents or violence. The force causes the skull to be strongly impacted, fractured or even pierced, causing disruption of nerve pathways and eventually cognitive disorders Degeneration of brain neurons: the most common is Alzheimer's disease. Nerve cells are slowly destroyed causing signs of mild to severe cognitive decline over time Cerebral insufficiency: a lack of blood supply to the brain, the main cause of atherosclerosis. nourish the brain, contract the muscles of the neck and neck, causing obstruction of blood circulation to the brain Other diseases: encephalitis, meningitis, brain tumor, .... These are diseases that can leave brain sequels causing disturbances cognitive dysfunction for the patient if not given emergency and proper care
Chấn thương sọ não có thể dẫn tới rối loạn nhận thức ở bệnh nhân
3. How do people with cognitive disorders manifest?
A cognitive disorder can manifest through many different symptoms such as:Memory impairment: at a mild level, the patient often forgets in daily activities such as forgetting keys, forgetting plans for the day, ... but at a severe level can cause immediate memory impairment, forgetting later or forgetting previously known knowledge and skills Disorientation in space - time: patients often very poor spatial orientation, often getting lost and not remembering familiar places, unable to identify times of the day Language disorders: patient has difficulty expressing, stops repeating words , cannot name familiar objects or have difficulty in grasping external information through language Manipulative disorder: patients with cognitive disorders are often quite clumsy, may lose skills in using familiar tools or even loss of self-care skills (bathing, dressing, etc.) Hallucinations- delusions: the patient may seeing visions or hearing unreal sounds, having strange sensations on the skin, or seeing strange odors. Patients often have feelings of restlessness and anxiety
Ảo giác - hoang tưởng là một trong số những biểu hiện thường thấy của rối loạn nhận thức
4. Should rehabilitation exercises be performed for patients with cognitive disorders?
Patients with brain damage causing cognitive disorders need rehabilitation training at specialized facilities for the first 3-6 months. Patients will be stimulated brain activity by participating in memory exercises, speech therapy sessions or brain movement games on demand.Besides, with the support of experts, patients also have the opportunity to solve their psychological problems as well as have the opportunity to meet people with similar circumstances.
On the other hand, it should be noted that motor rehabilitation is also closely related to cognitive rehabilitation. These functions will support each other in the recovery process, especially for stroke patients, to help the body recover in a comprehensive way.
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