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Daily use of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy may reduce the chance of serious complications for both mother and fetus. It is recommended for use in women at high risk for preeclampsia, including multiple pregnancies, kidney disease, a history of preeclampsia, diabetes, and chronic hypertension.
1. What is aspirin?
Aspirin is an inhibitor of two cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, including COX-1 and COX-2, which are important for the synthesis of prostaglandins (a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation). This is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties.
Experts recommend that women who are pregnant should use low-dose aspirin to prevent or delay the onset of preeclampsia. In addition, low-dose aspirin is also effective in preventing stillbirth, premature birth, early miscarriage, and developmental problems in the fetus.
2. Is it safe to use aspirin during pregnancy?
In general, doctors do not recommend aspirin for pregnant women, unless you have certain medical conditions or are at high risk for preeclampsia.
High risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women often include a previous history of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, multiple births, kidney disease, diabetes, or an autoimmune disease such as lupus. Some factors cause a lower risk of preeclampsia, such as:
Having a baby for the first time; Have a family history of preeclampsia; Fat; Be of African descent; Over the age of 35; Low socioeconomic status; Giving birth to a low-birth-weight baby; The time between pregnancies is about 10 years apart; Previous adverse pregnancy outcomes. Studies also show that when pregnant women use low-dose aspirin, about 60-100 milligrams (mg) per day, there are no harmful effects on pregnancy. It is also sometimes recommended for pregnant women with clotting disorders, preeclampsia, and recurrent miscarriages.
However, the use of high-dose aspirin carries different risks, depending on the stage of pregnancy. Using high-dose aspirin during the first trimester can increase the risk of miscarriage and birth defects in the unborn baby. On the other hand, if in the third trimester, pregnant women use aspirin in excessively high doses, there is a high risk of experiencing premature closure of the blood vessels in the fetal heart. In addition, long-term use of high-dose aspirin during pregnancy can also increase the risk of bleeding in the brain in premature babies. In the event that aspirin must be used in the last 3 months of pregnancy, you and your unborn baby will need to be closely monitored to prevent and promptly handle the health risks caused by the drug.
Nhìn chung, các bác sĩ không khuyến khích phụ nữ mang thai sử dụng aspirin
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also recommends that pregnant women avoid using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) after 19 weeks of pregnancy, unless otherwise advised by their doctor. doctor recommended. Because aspirin is inherently an NSAID, it can cause worrisome kidney problems in an unborn baby. This also contributes to an increased risk of decreased amniotic fluid around the fetus and a number of other serious complications.
One of the typical OTC low-dose aspirin is 81mg, it was formerly known as children's aspirin. If you are taking low-dose aspirin during pregnancy to treat a certain medical condition, you should take it exactly as directed by your doctor about the time and dose of it. Also, if you need pain medication during pregnancy, talk to your doctor about medication options. Your doctor may recommend that you use acetaminophen (Tylenol) instead of aspirin.
3. Contraindications to using aspirin during pregnancy
In certain circumstances, low-dose aspirin therapy should be absolutely contraindicated, including those with a history of allergy to aspirin (such as urticaria), or hypersensitivity to other salicylates at risk of adverse reactions. guard.
In addition, there is a cross-interaction between aspirin and other non-steroidal drugs, so patients with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs should not use low-dose aspirin. In addition, patients with nasal polyps should also avoid exposure to low-dose aspirin, as it can cause bronchospasm and be life-threatening. This also applies to people with asthma who have a history of aspirin-induced acute bronchospasm.
There are some relative contraindications to low-dose aspirin, including those with peptic ulcer disease, a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, and severe liver dysfunction. In children under 18 years of age who use aspirin during recovery from viral illnesses, such as chickenpox and flu, there is also an increased risk of Reye's syndrome. However, it is a rare condition in children, affecting only 1% of children under the age of 18. In addition, women who are experiencing obstetric bleeding, or have risk factors for obstetric bleeding, may decide to continue using low-dose aspirin on a case-by-case basis.
Việc sử dụng aspirin liều thấp có thể được ngừng lại khi thai nhi được 36 tuần tuổi
4. When is the right time to use aspirin during pregnancy?
Most clinical trials recommend that pregnant women can start taking low-dose aspirin between 12 and 28 weeks of gestation to prevent early miscarriage. Some studies have also shown that the maximum preventive effect is achieved when pregnant women start using it before 16 weeks of pregnancy. In addition, study results also found that low-dose aspirin use after 16 weeks of gestation can significantly reduce severe preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
Use of low-dose aspirin can be stopped at 36 weeks of gestation, or continued until delivery. Some women using low-dose aspirin during the first trimester need close care and monitoring, as exposure during this period can adversely affect the fetus and the mother's health.
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References: acog.org, healthline.com, mayoclinic.org
