Anesthesia before ENT surgery

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Nguyen Xuan Tinh - Anesthesiologist - Resuscitation - Department of General Surgery - Vinmec Phu Quoc International General Hospital.
Nasal polyps are actually a benign tumor located in the nasal cavity, accompanied by symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose, shortness of breath, sinusitis, etc., which are easily confused with other nasal diseases.

1. What is nasal polyposis?

Nasal polyps are not too rare diseases, can appear in all subjects and have common symptoms, so it is difficult to detect. Nasal polyps are usually benign, teardrop-shaped tumors that appear in the lining of the nose or in the sinuses.
The disease often has many similar symptoms with other nose diseases, so many people are subjectively confused. Usually, the disease is only discovered during a nasal endoscopy.
The symptoms of nasal polyps make patients often uncomfortable, tired, and physically weak. In the long term, when polyps grow larger or form clusters in the nasal cavity, it will lead to many complications affecting the patient's health.

2. In case of need to appoint nasal polyp surgery

Based on the condition of each person, the doctor will determine whether the patient with nasal polyps should have surgery. Normally, surgery to remove nasal polyps is usually applied to the following cases:
Severe nasal polyps grow in clusters, causing choking, drainage, sinusitis, tinnitus,... The patient has been treated with drugs. for a long time but not effective. Nasal polyps have been complicated, seriously affecting the patient's airway. Is nasal polyp surgery painful? Currently, endoscopic nasal polypectomy is usually very painless. Because this method creates a small surgical wound. As a result, the wound will be less painful and heal faster.
When performing endoscopic sinus surgery, patients need to understand and imagine that this surgical method is not only to remove nasal polyps but also to open the sinus cavity. Enlarging the sinus cavities will help open the airways. It also helps patients overcome daily discomforts. Endoscopic sinus surgery is more complicated when it requires the doctor to use a hard and thin tube. Inside the tube is attached a camera and light source for laparoscopic surgery.

3. Notes before surgery

Absolutely avoid eating, drinking or smoking within 6 hours before surgery. If the patient smokes, it must be stopped quickly because smokers have a high risk of complications after surgery. If your spouse smokes, you should also quit because the patient will breathe in secondhand smoke during the recovery period. If you brush your teeth, be careful not to swallow water. Remove makeup and wipe off nail polish and toenails before going to the hospital. If you have long hair, tie it back. Try to urinate before entering the operating room. Inform your doctor of any medications you are taking or are taking because some drugs affect blood clotting. 3.1 Perform laboratory tests - Pre-surgery Pre-surgery Laboratory tests: Blood count, Blood group, Fat set, Liver enzymes, Urine... Chest X-ray, CT-Scanner (Nose, sinus surgery, ear surgery. ..) Electrocardiogram Audiometry (Ear surgery) Nasal barotrauma (Nasal sinus surgery) Vocal cord activity (Vocal cord pathology surgery) Paraclinical indications (depending on the surgeon's request) ) The polyps causing nasal obstruction are the cause of patients seeking surgical treatment, which can make it difficult to ventilate with a mask. Therefore, clinical examination to detect the causes of obstruction and evaluate the airway in these patients is imperative.
3.2 Pre-anesthesia visit with anesthesiologist You will have a pre-anesthesia visit with an anesthesiologist before each surgery. The anesthesiologist will explain and decide which anesthetic method is best for you. You may be assigned to do some more tests before surgery (if necessary at the request of the anesthesiologist). 3.3 Commitment to Acceptance Surgery, Procedure and Anesthesia Once you are fully informed about your surgery, you are required to sign a written consent allowing the doctor to perform the surgery as planned. Depending on the nature of the surgery, you may also be asked to sign a blood transfusion consent form. Children under 18 years of age must have the above consent and signed by a parent or guardian. 3.4 Attention to hygiene before surgery

Keeping clean reduces the risk of infection after surgery, so it's important to take a shower before going to the hospital. When you are admitted to the hospital, you must change into clean clothes provided by the hospital, do not wear a bra (if you are female) and wait on a clean bed. 3.5 Go to the operating room The aide will help you get on the trolley, the nurse will check the information one last time and move you to the operating room. While the doctor gives you an anesthetic, you will be given fluids through a vein to help the medicine soak in more quickly. 3.6 Notes after surgery After surgery, the patient will wake up in the recovery room, the doctor will remove the endotracheal tube from the mouth. There are two sponges in the nose to stop bleeding, so the patient can only breathe through the mouth. There may be some blood in your nose or mouth. This is normal and will go away after that. When fully awake, the patient will be transferred to the ward and stay here for a few hours for observation. At this time, you will feel tired, sore in the throat, stuffy nose and thirsty. You should spit out all the secretions and blood in the mouth. The nurse will monitor your pulse, blood pressure, and breathing rate regularly. If there is any discomfort, let the nurse know. They will help you during this time. You can drink some water, some food if needed. However, do not eat too much because it is easy to vomit. After rhinoplasty, the patient can go home the same day. You may feel like you have a cold for the first one to two weeks. Because the nasal mucosa will be edematous after surgery like in the case of viral infection. In the first one to two weeks after surgery, there will be a few drops of fresh blood on a handkerchief or tissue, or a little bruised blood, mucus flowing down the throat for about three months after surgery. This is normal nothing to worry about. However, if there is a lot of fresh bleeding, it is not normal. The patient can sit on a chair, squeeze the nostrils, breathe through the mouth, then ask the family member to apply ice to the nose. If the bleeding persists after 5 minutes, you should go to the hospital right away for a doctor to handle. In addition, tell your nurse or doctor if you notice any of the following symptoms:
Severe pain Difficulty urinating or painful urination Pain when inhaling or exhaling Pain at the incision Nausea vomiting (due to effects of anesthesia) Any other unusual symptoms.

Is rhinoplasty surgery painful? How long does nasal polyp surgery take are questions that many patients ask when they have the disease and are prescribed surgery by their doctors. Because of fear, many patients hesitate and do not get early treatment. This is absolutely not recommended because if not treated promptly and properly, nasal polyps can cause many dangerous complications.
Up to 80% - 90% of patients have significantly reduced symptoms such as nasal congestion, headache, facial pain and are very satisfied with the results of functional endoscopic sinus surgery. About 50% of patients still complain of postnasal drip, and polyps may recur a few years later. However, today with advances in medical technology, surgery to resolve lesions in the sinuses is relatively safe.
Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of leading medical doctors, equipped with the world's most modern Hybrid IGS730 operating room, outstanding with medical examination and treatment services. comprehensive and professional medical consultation and treatment; civilized, polite, safe and sterile medical examination and treatment space.
Doctor Nguyen Xuan Tinh has more than 18 years of experience studying and working in the field of Anesthesia - Resuscitation. Before working as an anesthesiologist at the Department of General Surgery - Vinmec Phu Quoc International General Hospital, Dr. Tinh worked for a long time at Cam Xuyen Tinh District General Hospital, Ha Tinh.

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