What does Domperidone 10mg do?

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Domperidone 10mg is indicated in the treatment of symptoms of vomiting and nausea. Let's find out what Domperidone 10mg is, its uses, dosage and usage notes through the article below.

1. What are the effects of Domperidone 10mg?

Domperidone 10mg drug contains the active ingredient Domperidone, which is clinically indicated for the treatment of nausea and vomiting.
Pharmacodynamics: Domperidone belongs to the group of Dopamine antagonists with antiemetic effects. Domperidone also promotes the secretion of prolactin in the pituitary gland. However, the rate of patients taking the drug experiencing undesirable effects such as extrapyramidal syndrome is very rare. The antiemetic effect of Domperidone is known to be due to a combination of peripheral action (gastric motility) with antidopaminin antagonists at the CTZ chemosensory region outside the blood brain barrier (in the postrema region). Scientific studies in humans have shown that oral administration of domperidone increases lower esophageal pressure, increases gastric emptying, and improves antral and duodenal motility. The drug does not affect gastric secretion. Pharmacokinetics: Domperidone is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. However, the systemic bioavailability of the drug is only about 15% when administered as a single dose in fasting patients and bioavailability is increased after meals. One of the reasons for the low bioavailability of domperidone is due to first-pass metabolism in the liver and in the intestine. About 90% of domperidone is bound to plasma proteins, with a half-life of about 7.5 hours. The drug is extensively metabolised by the liver via an alkyl radical reduction at the N site by cytochrome 450 enzyme CYP3A4 and aromatic hydroxylation by CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2E1. Approximately 30% of a dose is excreted in the urine within 24 hours (mostly in the form of metabolites), the remainder is excreted in the feces after several days, 10% of which is intact (the drug is not easily metabolized). blood-brain barrier). Small amounts of Domperidone are distributed into breast milk (concentrations reach 10-15% in maternal serum).

2. Dosage Domperidone 10mg

The dose of Domperidone 10mg depends on the age and condition of the patient. Specifically as follows:
Adults and children older than 12 years of age weighing 35 kg or more: Dosage can be up to 10 mg/time x 3 times/day. The maximum dose should not exceed 30 mg/day; Hepatic impairment: Contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment. For patients with mild hepatic impairment, no dose adjustment is required; Patients with renal impairment: The half-life of the drug is prolonged in patients with severe renal impairment, so in case of prolonged use, the dose should be reduced to 1-2 times/day and the dose should be adjusted according to the patient's renal function. degree of renal failure. Domperidone 10mg should be taken before meals, because taking it later can be reduced absorption. The recommended duration of treatment with Domperidone is not more than 1 week.
In case of drug overdose, the patient may experience symptoms such as disorientation, somnolence, extrapyramidal reactions, especially for children. There is still no specific drug in antidote for Domperidone poisoning, so patients should be taken to medical facilities as soon as possible.

3. Side effects of Domperidone 10mg

Some side effects may be encountered when using Domperidone 10mg as follows:
- Rare side effects:
The drug is difficult to cross the blood-brain barrier and rarely causes unwanted effects in the central nervous system such as sadness. sleep or extrapyramidal reactions compared with Metoclopramide. Side effects occur at a low rate and are often caused by impaired blood-brain barrier permeability (in patients with meningeal lesions, premature infants) or by drug overdose; Menstrual disturbances, lactation, gynecomastia, amenorrhea or breast tenderness due to increased serum prolactin may occur in patients treated with the drug for a long time. - Side effects of unknown frequency:
Cardiovascular disorders: QT interval prolongation, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiovascular death and torsades de pointes.

4. Notes when using drugs

4.1. Contraindications Contraindicated to use Domperidon 10mg in the following cases:
People who are sensitive to any component of Domperidon 10mg; Patients with tumors causing increased prolactin secretion; Patients with gastric motility stimulation in pathologies such as mechanical intestinal obstruction, perforation or gastrointestinal bleeding; Patients with moderate to severe liver failure; Patients with prolonged conduction time of cardiac impulses, marked electrolyte disturbances or patients with existing cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure; Concomitant use of Domperidone with drugs known to prolong the QT interval and inhibitors of CYP3A4 is contraindicated (regardless of the QT prolongation effect). 4.2. Caution when using Domperidone 10mg with caution in the following subjects:
People with renal failure: The half-life of the drug is prolonged in patients with severe renal impairment. Therefore, in case of repeated use, the frequency of dosing should be reduced to 1-2 times/day depending on the degree of renal impairment (the dose can be adjusted if necessary). People with cardiovascular disease: The drug prolongs the QT interval on the electrocardiogram. Therefore, domperidone has been shown to increase the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiovascular death. This risk is higher in patients over 60 years of age, in patients taking concomitant medications with CYP3A4 inhibitors or drugs that prolong the QT interval, at doses greater than 30 mg. The lowest effective dose of Domperidone should be used in adults and children. Domperidone treatment should be discontinued at any sign of cardiac arrhythmia. The drug contains lactose. Therefore, do not use in patients with rare hereditary galactose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or Lapp lactase deficiency. Drivers and Machine Operators: Domperidone 10mg can cause extrapyramidal reactions, somnolence at a very low rate. Therefore, patients should not drive or operate machinery in case of these undesirable effects. Pregnant women: There are no studies on the harmful effects of the drug on pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended to use the drug only when absolutely necessary. Lactation: The drug is excreted in human milk and the nursing infant received less than 0.1% of the maternal weight-based dose. Therefore, some unwanted effects may still occur in children. The benefits and risks of domperidone treatment in lactating women should be weighed.

5. Drug interactions

Domperidone 10mg may interact with some drugs that increase the risk of QT prolongation. Therefore, concurrent use with the following drugs is contraindicated:
- Drugs that prolong the QT interval:
Class IA antiarrhythmic drugs such as Hydroquinidin, Disopyramid, Quinidin; Class III antiarrhythmic drugs such as Dofetilid, Amiodarone, Ibutilid, Dronedaron, Sotalol; Antipsychotics such as Pimozid, Haloperidol, Sertindol; Antidepressants such as Escitalopram, Citalopram; Antibiotics such as Levofloxacin, Erythromycin, Moxifloxacin, Spiramycin; Antifungal drugs such as Pentamidine; Antimalarial drugs such as Lumefentrin, Halofentrin; Antihistamines such as Mizolastin, Mequitazine; Cancer treatment drugs such as Vandetanib, Boremifen, Vincamin; - Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors such as Protease inhibitors, Azol systemic antifungals, Macrolide antibiotics (Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Telithromycin).
- Use with caution when co-administering the following drugs: Hypokalemic drugs, bradycardia drugs...
In short, thanks to its anti-nausea and vomiting effects, Domperidone 10mg is present in many prescriptions by doctors. doctor. To ensure safety and effectiveness, you should use the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and pharmacist.

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