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Question
Tell me: Are anaphylaxis and allergies the same? I hope the doctor will give you an answer.
Tien (1999)
Reply
Hello,
When it comes into contact with and recognizes a foreign substance (called an antigen), the body produces antibodies against it. When the body has a specific antibody and is exposed to the antigen for the second time on, the antibody will react with the antigen, usually this is a protective, beneficial response and there is no pathological manifestation. pathological manifestations called hypersensitivity. The clinical presentation of hypersensitivity is diverse. Gell and Coombs classified hypersensitivity into 4 types:
Type I hypersensitivity is immediate hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis. Type II hypersensitivity is hypersensitivity that causes cell destruction. Type III hypersensitivity is immune-complex hypersensitivity. Type IV hypersensitivity is delayed hypersensitivity. by a cell-mediated immune response. Allergy is a pathological condition of an immune response to an allergen that leads to tissue damage and dysfunction of some organs.
According to the document of the Ministry of Health: Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction, which can appear immediately from a few seconds, minutes to a few hours after the body is exposed to the allergen causing clinical symptoms. different, can be serious leading to rapid death.
Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of anaphylaxis due to sudden dilation of the entire vasculature and bronchospasm that can be fatal within minutes.
Manifestations of anaphylaxis:
In the skin: Itching, erythema, angioedema, urticaria In the respiratory tract: Cough, hoarseness, wheezing, dyspnea, stridor. In the digestive tract: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain. Cardiovascular: Syncope, hypotension, shock, death. Nervous: Headache. Anaphylactic reactions are divided into 4 levels of manifestation as follows (note that anaphylaxis can worsen very quickly and not sequentially):
1. Mild (grade I): Only skin and skin symptoms. subcutaneous and mucosal functions such as urticaria, pruritus, angioedema.
2. Severe (grade II): from 2 manifestations in many organs:
a) Urticaria, angioedema appear rapidly.
b) Shortness of breath fast, shallow, chest tightness, hoarseness, runny nose.
c) Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea.
d) Blood pressure has not dropped or increased, tachycardia or arrhythmia.
3. Critical (grade III): manifested in many organs with more severe severity as follows:
a) Airway: laryngeal stridor, laryngeal edema.
b) Breathing: rapid breathing, wheezing, cyanosis, irregular breathing.
c) Consciousness disturbance: malaise, coma, convulsions, circular muscle disorder.
d) Circulatory: shock, small rapid pulse, drop in blood pressure.
4. Circulatory arrest (grade IV): Expression of respiratory arrest, circulatory arrest.
The concept of an allergy is commonly understood in the community as a rash, itching of the skin and mucous membranes, while anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction with shock and possibly death.
Thus, allergy and anaphylaxis are similar in pathogenesis: There is a reaction between antigens and antibodies, occurring immediately (several seconds to several hours), with pathological manifestations (hypersensitivity). .
Different: About the location of manifestations (common allergies manifest in skin and mucous membranes: skin, nose, eyes, ... and disease manifestation level.
If you still have questions, you can go to diseases. Hospital under Vinmec Health System for advice and answers by a doctor. Please contact the call center or customer care before examining
Thank you for sending the question, is anaphylaxis and allergy the same? Vinmec
Answered by Specialist Doctor II To Van Thai - Emergency Resuscitation Doctor - Emergency Resuscitation Department - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.
