How are spermatozoa malformations treated?

Deformed sperm are sperm with changes in structure as well as size, which can exist at the same time as sperm with normal structure in a man's semen. If the number of malformed sperm in the semen is more than the normal sperm count, the risk of infertility occurs in men is very high.
Some causes of sperm abnormalities can be mentioned as follows:
Age: According to some studies in the world, in men aged 40 and over, the body will There is a decrease in the hormone Testosterone causing premature ejaculation and a decrease in the quality and quantity of sperm during this period. Oxidation: this is one of the main causes of abnormal sperm compared to its original shape, which is explained by the process of free radicals that lose electrons to attack immature sperm. changes its structure, leading to sperm malformations. Nutrition: for the majority of men, they tend to use foods that contain a lot of zinc, selenium, etc., which affects the production and maintenance of sperm, at which time the body will secrete it. Gonadotropins reduce the sexual health of men, resulting in reduced sperm quality, leading to sperm abnormalities. Stimulants: tobacco, alcohol, and alcoholic beverages are also causes of reduced sperm count and quality. Environmental pollution: exposure to an environment contaminated by industrial wastes, toxic chemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, insecticides... also reduces normal sperm count and increases sperm count. It can lead to abnormal sperm count, difficult fertilization, and even birth defects in babies. Pathology: when men suffer from a number of diseases such as urinary tract infections, testicular damage, varicose veins, blocked vas deferens ... Living and working environment: when working in a hot environment If the temperature is too high or there is a lot of radiation, ionization, magnetic field, etc., the ability to reduce sperm production as well as the number of abnormally shaped sperm also increases significantly. Some other causes: using mobile phones a lot, exposing the scrotum and genitals to electromagnetic waves, too much mobile phone...

Sperm malformation is a fairly common condition in men, but depending on how much or how little it will lead to infertility or not. If a man has abnormal sperm, but besides, the number of normal sperm is still large enough to work, the risk of infertility in that man is very low. Therefore, to make the most accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to observe a stained semen sample under a microscope to investigate some important factors such as size, shape and characteristics of sperm.
Sperm morphology commonly observed under the microscope include:
Normal sperm: oval head, straight and intact body, simple and straight tail; Abnormal sperm head: very large or very small head, sometimes no head, very few Acrosomes; Sperm tail abnormality: tail is short, tail is double or more, maybe three or four tails, small granules of cells appear behind the tail; Sperm are germ cells and immature.

To treat malformed sperm, the patient will be examined and performed the necessary paraclinical tests, the most important is semen analysis. Some other laboratory tests that can be done to find the exact cause of the disease are testicular ultrasound, genetic analysis, prostate ultrasound, 10 urine parameters test after giving the patient a urine sample. Ejaculation, quantification of certain hormones in the body... Treatment methods for abnormal sperm can be applied after finding the cause of the disease:
Use antibiotics to treat if the cause caused by male inflammatory diseases; Use of hormone therapy and certain hormone medications; If the patient has varicose veins of the testicles, blocked vas deferens, surgery can be considered; Change lifestyle: practice sports regularly every day, do not use food and drink containing stimulants such as alcohol, tobacco, should not stay up late, do not have too much sex; In terms of nutrition, patients should be supplemented with fresh vegetables and fruits, especially foods that prevent oxidation such as oranges, lemons, and mangoes.

Some measures can be applied to increase the success rate of conception such as:
Intrauterine insemination IUI: this is a method that can reduce the impact of the vaginal environment on quality. sperm and makes it easier for the sperm and egg to meet, often used in cases of mild sperm abnormalities. In vitro fertilization (IVF): sperm and egg are combined in a test tube environment, then form embryos and transfer to the woman's uterus for conception. ICSI Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: This method is similar to IVF but has an improvement, that is, the number of sperms will be selected and then injected into the cytoplasm of the egg.

The morphological forms of sperm are very diverse, can be normal, abnormal in the head or abnormal in the tail..., so when men have any symptoms that suspect infertility, they should go to the doctors. Reputable medical facilities to be tested and evaluated, thereby determining the cause of the malformed sperm and being consulted on the most effective treatment for malformed sperm.
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