Causes of miscarriage due to pregnancy

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor Obstetrician and Gynecologist - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.

Fetal causes are one of the causes of early miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy. In which, fetus with chromosomal abnormalities is the most common cause.

According to the definition of the World Health Organization, a miscarriage is a phenomenon in which a fetus is expelled from the uterus before the 22nd week of pregnancy or when the pregnancy weight is less than 500g, termination of pregnancy before the pregnancy is possible. live independently outside the uterus. If a miscarriage occurs before 12 weeks, it is called an early miscarriage, and if a miscarriage occurs within 12-20 weeks, it is called a late miscarriage.
It is difficult to assess the actual miscarriage rate, as many women miscarry before they even know they are pregnant. Among women who know they are pregnant, the miscarriage rate is about 12%, and 50% of these miscarriages are before 8 weeks of pregnancy. 80% miscarry in the first trimester and 20% in the second trimester.
There are many causes of miscarriage, the cause may be the health of the mother, the father, the influence of the external environment or it may also be due to problems with the fetus itself such as chromosomal abnormalities , disease in the placenta or the position of the egg during implantation in the uterus is not suitable.

2.1 Pregnancy with chromosomal abnormality
In normal human cells, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, inherited half from father and half from mother, Chromosomes are DNA containing genetic information, helping to regulates all the characteristics of the body, from cell growth to hair color, skin color, eye color,...
Fetal chromosomal abnormalities are the cause of most miscarriages in the first 3 months. An estimated two-thirds of early miscarriages are related to chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. Chromosomal aberrations at the time of fertilization will cause the fetus to have either a deficiency or an excess of chromosomes. Common disorders are chromosomes 6,12,13,16,17,18,21; a disorder of the sex chromosomes or chromosomal abnormalities in the form of haploid, triploid, mosaic. In which, trisomy is the most common chromosomal abnormality, accounting for 50-65%; Monomorphic disorder 45XO occurs in 7-15%, tetraploid 10% and structural abnormalities account for 5%.
A chromosomal abnormality in a pregnancy that causes miscarriage will not normally be associated with subsequent pregnancies. And a miscarriage caused by a chromosomal abnormality doesn't mean either parent's chromosomes are abnormal.

2.2 The fetus has placental problems
Placenta has an extremely important role, helping to transport nutrients from the mother's body to the fetus. If the placenta has abnormalities, it can cause miscarriage.
2.3 Due to abnormal egg nesting
Eggs after fertilization will move into the uterus to nest. If the egg attaches in places such as in the corner, in the isthmus of the uterus, it is very easy to miscarry. In addition, if you have twins, multiples, polyhydramnios, or partial or total pregnancy, there is also an increased risk of miscarriage.

Miscarriage is something no one wants to happen, there are many causes of miscarriage beyond the control of the father and mother, the causes of miscarriage are an example. Therefore, after a miscarriage, do not blame yourself, blame yourself. Follow your doctor's treatment instructions, get plenty of rest, eat well, think optimistically and positively. Mothers have many more chances to have another pregnancy and have healthy babies.