Instructions on how to care and eat for people with kidney dysfunction

The article was written by Master, Doctor Nguyen Van Quyet - Head of Medical Examination Department - Department of Medical Examination - Vinmec Times City International General Hospital.

Kidney disease includes more than 30 different diseases such as glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, nephrotic syndrome, ... with diverse symptoms. Most are asymptomatic, silently undetectable. Many cases by the time the disease is detected, it is already at a severe level. Therefore, it is necessary to have blood tests, urine and blood pressure measurement regularly/periodically and follow the instructions below.

1. Symptoms of kidney disease

The face and eyelids, hands and feet are swollen. Cloudy urine, small amount. Feeling nauseous, not wanting to eat. The body is sluggish, impatient. Pain around the hip. Headache, dizziness.. When this test results show that there are abnormalities such as blood in the urine or proteinuria, it is necessary to quickly consult a specialist and conduct treatment. When the disease progresses and becomes chronic kidney failure, without dialysis and a kidney transplant, it will be life-threatening.

2. Lifestyle for people with kidney disease

Avoid overwork, get enough rest. Attention to good prevention: There are cases from pharyngitis that develop into acute glomerulonephritis. Take action soon. Prevention such as gargling or washing hands properly.

3. Principles of nutrition in kidney disease

Ensure enough energy: 30-35 Kcal/kg ideal body weight. Protein: 0.5-1.2 grams/kg/day (depending on the stage and condition of the disease). Ratio of animal protein/total protein = 60-70%. Lipids: 20-30% of total energy. People with kidney failure should completely abstain from melon, eggplant, shrimp paste, fish sauce, wine, beer,... Limit salt intake: People with high blood pressure or edema should especially limit salt. Even have to eat completely pale (should follow the doctor's instructions).

Muối tinh — Những người bệnh thận hãy hạn chế ăn muối.

Drink water with high diuretic properties: Filtered water, boiled vegetable juice, fruit juice. Use the right fats. Limit eating: Rice, potatoes, beans, peanuts, sesame, water spinach, water spinach, amaranth, bean sprouts, viscera of animals such as liver, oval, brain, heart,... Recommended to eat: dong vermicelli , tapioca, sweet potato, sweet fruit (banana, longan, litchi, custard apple, mango, papaya, sweet grape,...), low salt vegetables (gourd, squash, melon, cucumber, bean sprouts, cabbage, vegetables,...), nutritious foods such as eggs, lean meat, fish, milk, shrimp. The amount of food depends on the condition and stage of the disease.

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