10 common mosquito-borne diseases

The article was professionally consulted by Senior Doctor, Dr. Vu Van Tam - Infectious Internal Medicine Doctor - Department of Medical Examination and Internal Medicine - Vinmec Ha Long International Hospital

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every year about 750,000 people worldwide die from diseases spread by mosquitoes, most of which are children. Here are 10 common endemic diseases caused by mosquitoes.

1. Dengue fever

Dengue fever is one of the most dangerous diseases caused by mosquitoes, mainly found in a typical tropical and subtropical climate like Vietnam. It is also the world's fastest-spreading mosquito-borne disease with 40% of the global population facing the risk of contracting the disease. Every year, between 50 and 100 million people suffer from this disease.
When infected, the sick person will feel pain like a broken bone. Dengue is a leading cause of death for children in several Latin American and Asian countries.

2. Malaria

Caused by female Anopheles mosquitoes that transmit Plasmodium parasites in their bites and cause high fever, chills, and severe flu-like symptoms. The disease can be fatal if not detected and treated promptly.
As a precaution, we need to wear a mosquito net before sleeping, use insect repellent and wear long sleeves.

3. Yellow fever

Yellow fever is a form of dengue fever but there is no cure. After a period of infection, most patients will recover, but about 15% will leave behind toxic complications, internal bleeding and internal organ disorders. The majority of patients with complications will die.
Yellow fever is caused by a mosquito breed called Aedes aegypti. Today the cases of yellow fever are increasing due to the decline of human immunity, climate change, ....

4. West Nile Virus Infection

bệnh do muỗi — Virus West Nile là do muỗi vằn gây ra

West Nile virus is caused by mosquitoes, commonly found in animals and birds. But new findings show that the virus has been found in human cells. The disease is spread through saliva and from mother to baby through breastfeeding.
This virus affects blood circulation in the body and damages brain tissues that are working normally. In some severe cases, it can lead to convulsions, coma and even death.

5. Rift Valley Sauce

Rift Valley fever originates in animals and is transmitted by mosquitoes to humans. This is a disease with terrible symptoms.
Symptoms of the disease are that they will initially feel like they have the flu, then have a stiff neck and discomfort with light. A small number of people (less than 2%) can develop eye damage that makes them blind, and others (also less than 2%) can develop some form of encephalopathy, which is fatal or dengue. But there are still cases where some people don't have symptoms.
From the years 1910-2000, Rift Valley fever became epidemic in many parts of the world especially countries like West Africa, Saudi Arabia and many Asian countries.

6. Murray Valley Encephalitis

Murray Valley encephalitis is a deadly disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Although this is a rare disease, it can happen at any time. The disease causes damage to brain tissue with symptoms such as headache, neck stiffness, convulsions, and drowsiness.

7. Chikungunya Sauce

This is a disease caused by the chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by the mosquito that transmits the disease. The disease has been present around the world for centuries, but only appeared in the Americas for the first time in late 2013. Common symptoms of the disease include joint pain, headache, vomiting, back pain, and you skin.

8. Japanese Encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis is a dangerous disease of the brain caused by infection from the bite of a mosquito. It is common in Asia, New Guinea and northern Queensland. Once infected, the patient will experience some serious symptoms including high temperature, convulsions, coma and severe headache.
Although not spread between people, but Japanese encephalitis can be transmitted from animals to humans through mosquitoes. The disease kills about 10,000 people a year, mostly children under the age of 5. Currently, there is no cure for the disease, but Japanese encephalitis has an effective vaccine.

9. Dirofilaria immitis

Dirofilaria immitis is one of the serious life-threatening diseases caused by nematodes and mosquitoes. Mosquito bites that contain roundworm larvae are the cause of the spread of this disease. We should avoid keeping pets like dogs, cats and parrots at home because mosquitoes rely on these animals for food.

10. Equine Encephalitis (WEE)

First discovered in 1930 in Canada and Mexico, equine encephalitis is caused by tarsalis Culex. There is now a vaccine to treat this disease. There have been more than a thousand cases per year reported of deaths from equine encephalitis. The disease is common in humans and horses and is contagious.

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