Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease in children, indicating a general infection, which can be the upper urinary tract (pyelonephritis) or the lower urinary tract (cystitis). Children with urinary tract infections have symptoms such as fever, painful urination, urinary incontinence, and when tested, a large amount of bacteria is found in the urine. Treatment of UTIs for children requires antibiotics, the type of antibiotic and the dose depend on other factors such as the severity of the disease or the age of the child.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) in pediatric patients is defined as an infection with common bacterial agents involving the lower urinary tract (cystitis), upper urinary tract (pyelonephritis), or both, causing illness in children.