Tuberculosis of the peritoneum is a specific inflammatory lesion of the peritoneum caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, usually secondary to another tuberculosis focus. The disease can occur at any age, in any sex, but is more common in young people, more common in women than in men.

Peritoneal tuberculosis can affect women's reproductive health or even lead to death. Therefore, patients need to see a doctor as soon as they have symptoms of the disease to get a definitive diagnosis and timely and effective treatment.

Peritoneal tuberculosis is often secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. Peritoneal tuberculosis accounts for 6.5% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and ranks 6th after pleural tuberculosis, lymphadenopathy, bone and joint tuberculosis, meningitis, and laryngeal tuberculosis.