Laparoscopic 2⁄3 gastrectomy is mostly used to treat benign diseases and only the lower part of the stomach is removed. Nowadays, laparoscopic gastrectomy has become more and more popular, replacing the traditional surgery of the past.

Gastrin is an important hormone in the secretion of stomach acid and regulation of the body's food digestion process. Blood tests to evaluate Gastrin hormone levels are valuable in diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases and monitoring treatment.

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks third in the major cause of death from malignancy worldwide, and gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD) is considered the best diagnostic tool for early-stage cancer, and artificial intelligence plays an important role in the treatment of gastric cancer.