Gastrointestinal bleeding due to rupture of esophageal varices ranks first in terms of bleeding, patients have symptoms of vomiting blood with a significant amount, sometimes massive bleeding causing death before emergency treatment. This is one of the causes of increased mortality in cirrhotic patients.

Cirrhosis is a very dangerous chronic disease with a high mortality rate. A serious complication of cirrhosis is rupture of esophageal varices causing gastrointestinal bleeding, the main cause of increased mortality in patients.

Esophageal varices is a very common syndrome in patients with cirrhosis, accounting for up to 50% of patients. It is noteworthy that the mortality risk of patients with esophageal varices in the presence of cirrhosis ranges from 40 to 70%, depending on the degree of liver failure.