Radioactive iodine treatment is effective in Graves' disease and thyroid cancer. However, this method is not recommended for pregnant women because this chemical can destroy the thyroid gland of the fetus (hypothyroidism), while also slowing intellectual development and increasing the risk of malignancy in newborns.

Radioactive iodine treatment for cancer is internal radiation therapy that uses a radioactive form of iodine. Radioactive iodine circulates throughout the body in the patient's blood. Cancer cells have the characteristic of absorbing iodine from anywhere in the body, so they will be destroyed.

Mortality from thyroid cancer has decreased due to the increasing development of thyroid cancer diagnostic tools such as ultrasound and fine needle aspiration goiter, which can diagnose the disease at a very early stage. , the second is the very effective treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancer .