Precancerous mucosal lesions of the gastrointestinal tract exist in various forms such as inflammation, polyps, ulcers, dysplasia, etc. Depending on the severity and type of lesion, the risk of progression to cancer is determined.

Cervical cancer can be found early, and sometimes even completely prevented with regular Pap tests. If caught early, cervical cancer is one of the most treatable cancers.

Cervical cancer is a dangerous disease, with the incidence and mortality rate ranked second among genital cancers in women today. So what is cervical cancer? Why is this disease so dangerous and has a high mortality rate?

The best way to detect cervical cancer early is to have regular screening tests. Tests to screen for cervical cancer include the HPV test and the cervical smear test (Pap smear and liquid-based cytology). These tests can be done alone or at the same time.

Topping the list among the slowest growing cancers is prostate cancer. The disease develops so slowly that your doctor may recommend "watchful waiting" rather than immediate treatment. Some patients may never need treatment. So how do cancer cells grow in this disease? How does the cancer progress?

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract and originates from the epithelium of the esophageal mucosa. It has been confirmed that early esophageal cancer lesions can be cured by endoscopic therapy, and the treatment effect is equivalent to that of surgery. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is still the gold standard for diagnosing esophageal cancer.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing esophageal cancer. The accuracy of endoscopy results largely depends on the expertise of the examiner. Artificial intelligence (AI) applied in early screening for esophageal cancer has shown advantages. Remarkably, it is more accurate than less experienced endoscopists. This paper evaluates the application of artificial intelligence in the field of endoscopic early detection of esophageal cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, and describes related advances.

In recent years, two new narrow band imaging (NBI) classifications have been proposed: the NBI International Colonoscopy Classification (NICE) and the Japan NBI Expert Group (JNET) Classification. Most of the validation studies of the two new NBI classifications have been conducted within taxa by experienced endoscopists, and their use in centers varies between endoscopists with different techniques. Different endoscopic capabilities are still unknown.

Cancer prevention is action taken to help reduce the risk of disease. This may include maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding exposure to carcinogens, and taking medications or vaccines to prevent cancer from developing.