A stem cell transplant, also known as a marrow transplant, is the process of replacing one person's abnormal blood stem cells with healthy stem cells from another person (donor). Stem cells are injected intravenously, then travel through the bloodstream and find their way to the bone marrow, where they grow and make the blood cells needed by the body.

Blood cancer, also known as hematologic cancer, is a blood disease that can cause high mortality in patients. The disease occurs when there is a sudden increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood, which reduces the number of red blood cells, causing severe anemia.