Ectopic ureter is a rare congenital disease but is often detected late, causing patients to live with the uncomfortable symptoms of the disease for a long time, seriously affecting daily activities and reducing quality of life.

Vesicovaginal fistula is a difficult disease to talk about because it often manifests as urinary incontinence, causing many inconveniences in the patient's daily activities. Therefore, the disease needs to be treated early.

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly that is more common in males than females. In normal urinary anatomy, the ureter lies lateral to the vena cava, but in retrocaval ureteropathy, the ureter lies posterior to and medial to the vena cava. This condition causes compression of the ureter, resulting in urinary obstruction.