In autologous stem cell transplantation, the procedure uses the patient's own stem cells for transplantation. After a patient undergoes high-dose chemotherapy, with or without radiation, the stem cells are then returned to the body. This type of transplant is commonly used to treat blood cancers such as Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and myeloma. The following article will provide information about autologous stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant in the treatment of leukemia.