What is estradiol quantification?

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was professionally consulted by Doctor Do Thi Hoang Ha - Laboratory Department - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.
Estradiol is a major female sex hormone, secreted mainly by the ovaries, but partly by the placenta during pregnancy, the adrenal glands, the breasts in women, and the testes in men. . This hormone occurs in both sexes and is an important hormone in both men and women, however estradiol is closely involved in the regulation of the female reproductive cycle and menstruation. Elevated or low blood estradiol indicates problems in both sexes. Quantitative estradiol tests help determine the level of estradiol in the blood.

1. What is Estradiol?

Estradiol (E2) is the major form of the hormone estrogen and is the most potent, abundant form of estrogen, also known as 17-beta-estradiol, produced mainly by the ovaries, adrenal glands, and breast in women as well as the testicles and adrenal glands in men. The other two estrogens are estrone (E1), which is produced in very low concentrations, and estriol (E3), which is monitored to assess placental and fetal function. During pregnancy, the placenta also produces estradiol.
Role of estradiol in the body:
Estradiol plays an important role in the development of female sex organs, including: Uterus, Fallopian tubes, Vagina.. Estradiol is responsible for the characteristics. female secondary sex (voice, less hairy .. compared to male) Estradiol is associated with the menstrual cycle and pregnancy of women. Together with other hormones such as LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), Progesterone, Estradiol causes the mammary gland to develop both ducts, stroma and fat layer. Estradiol helps control the way fat is distributed in a woman's body. It also participates in the process of shaping and maintaining as well as restructuring for bones, maintaining tone and elasticity of the genitals - urinary tract, skin.. Estradiol plays a role in growth and development. Men also have estradiol, but in lower concentrations than women. In men, the adrenal glands and testicles produce estradiol. This substance has a role to support fertility, sex drive in men and avoid the risk of obesity for men. In addition to its role as a natural hormone, estradiol can be used as a drug, for example in menopausal hormone therapy.

2. Significance of quantitative estradiol . test

The quantitative estradiol test is a test used to measure the level of estradiol in the blood.
Quantitative estradiol testing may be used when:
When pubertal development is abnormal in girls or boys: Estradiol levels are increased in cases of precocious puberty in girls and gynecomastia. in men. Conversely, low estradiol levels can be a sign of delayed puberty. Help find out if there is an abnormality in the adrenal glands (eg, adrenal hyperplasia). It can also help determine the effectiveness of treatments for hypopituitarism. The estradiol test helps to monitor the growth of the follicles prior to IVF. The estradiol test is also used to find the cause of some symptoms such as: Irregular menstrual cycles; Abnormal vaginal bleeding; Infertility in women The estradiol test helps to detect the condition of women during perimenopause and menopause. The estradiol test also contributes to the detection of testicular tumors in men. The estradiol test is used to evaluate the function of the ovaries. In some cases, it may be necessary to have an estradiol test if you have symptoms of an ovarian tumor such as: Feeling an abnormal mass in the abdomen Eaten quickly, even if you only eat a very small amount. Pain in the lower abdomen and pelvis. Unusual weight loss without applying any weight loss method. Frequent urination, frequent urge to urinate. Especially the above signs appear in people with a family history of cancer, especially ovarian cancer or breast cancer.

3. Evaluation of estradiol . quantification results

Normal index:
Men: 28 – 156 pmol/l
Women: Estradiol levels in women change with the menstrual cycle, specifically
Follicular phase: 46 – 407 pmol/l Ovulation: 315 – 1828 pmol/l Luteal phase: 161 - 774 pmol/l Pre-menopause: 18.4 - 201 pmol/l Test results:
Elevated blood estradiol in:
Precocious puberty in children. High amount of estradiol in men: Seen in gynaecomastia, breasts tend to accumulate fat, enlarge, this situation is quite common in boys during puberty, sometimes it can last long until adulthood. It is also found in erectile dysfunction. Amenorrhea due to increased hormone secretion. Cyst or granulomatous layer of ovarian cyst, adrenal tumor. May add value to the diagnosis of breast cancer. E2 is also slightly increased in cirrhosis, hepatitis, benign breast disease.. High estrogen levels in overweight and obese women. Are using hormonal birth control pills, some antibiotics, certain herbal or natural remedies, phenothiazines - medicines for certain mental or emotional disorders. Decreased blood E2 can be seen in:
Delayed puberty in children. Hypogonadism Polycystic ovary syndrome Pre-menopause and menopause Threat of miscarriage or fetal toxicity in pregnant women. Miscarriage. Sheehan's syndrome... Estradiol is an important sex and reproductive hormone in men and women, quantification of estradiol is a test used in conjunction with other hormones to help assess ovarian function and pathology. eggs, breasts, adrenal glands and testicles. It is also possible to monitor the growth of the fetus during pregnancy.

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