Primary ovarian failure: Possibility of pregnancy after treatment

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Le Thi Phuong - Obstetrician and Gynecologist - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Ha Long International Hospital

1. Symptoms of Primary Ovarian Failure

The patient may not know that the ovaries are not working properly. Some women with premature ovarian failure still menstruate and may even become pregnant, but many have trouble getting pregnant and this is often the reason why they need to see a doctor.
The most common symptoms of premature ovarian failure are absent or irregular menstrual cycles. Menstruation can start and stop happening for years. Other symptoms may be similar to those of menopause such as:
Hot flashes Night sweats Anxiety, depression or mood swings Trouble concentrating or memory Decreased sex drive compared to before Difficulty sleeping Vaginal dryness, which can make it difficult or uncomfortable to have sex.

2. How to cure primary ovarian failure?

Treatment of primary ovarian insufficiency usually focuses on problems caused by estrogen deficiency. Your doctor may do the following:
Estrogen therapy: Estrogen therapy can help prevent osteoporosis as well as relieve hot flashes and other symptoms of estrogen deficiency. Doctors often prescribe estrogen along with the hormone progesterone, especially if you still have a uterus. Add progesterone to protect the lining of your uterus (endometrium) from the precancerous changes that can occur from taking estrogen alone. Although a combination of hormones can bring your periods back, it will not restore ovarian function. Depending on your health status and wishes, you can take hormone therapy until about age 50 or 51, as this is usually the average age of natural menopause. In older women, long-term estrogen plus progestin therapy is associated with an increased risk of heart, blood vessel disease, and breast cancer. However, in young women with primary ovarian failure, the benefits of hormone therapy outweigh the potential risks.

Calcium and vitamin D supplements: Both nutrients are important for preventing osteoporosis and you may not get enough in your diet or limit your exposure to sunlight. Your doctor may check your bone density before starting a supplement to adjust the dosage accordingly. For women ages 19 to 50, experts typically recommend 1,000 milligrams of calcium (mg) per day through food or supplements, and increase that to 1,200 mg per day for women 51 and older. The optimal daily dose of vitamin D remains unclear. Doctors typically start adults at 600 to 800 international units (IU) per day, either through food or a supplement. If your blood levels of vitamin D are low, your doctor may prescribe a higher dose.

3. Can primary ovarian failure get pregnant?

Women with primary ovarian failure have a low chance of becoming pregnant. A small number of women with primary ovarian insufficiency are able to become pregnant naturally. Many women with this condition want to have more children, so gynecologists may recommend the following:
Use drugs to promote ovulation, such as clomiphene. Use donor eggs instead of the patient's own eggs for in vitro fertilization. Estrogen therapy can also increase your chances of getting pregnant.

4. Complications of primary ovarian failure

Because low estrogen levels can greatly affect a woman's ability to get pregnant. Estrogen is a hormone needed for healthy heart and bones. If your ovaries do not have enough of this hormone, you may have other health conditions, such as:
Anxiety and depression: Risk of infertility and other complications arising from estrogen levels Low levels cause some women to experience depression or anxiety. Eye diseases such as dry eyes High cholesterol and cardiovascular disease Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) Osteoporosis: Women with low estrogen levels have a greater risk of weak and fragile bones than healthy people. Patients should lead a healthy lifestyle and take medication prescribed by their doctor to help prevent these complications.

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Reference sources: mayoclinic.org, webmd.com