This is an automatically translated article.
This article was professionally consulted with Master, Doctor Nguyen Thi Nhat - Infectious Disease Specialist - Department of Medical Examination & Internal Medicine - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.1. What is dengue fever?
Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease that can cause large epidemics. Dengue fever is caused by the dengue virus, which is spread by a mosquito bite an infected person and then transmitted to a healthy person through the bite. There are two types of mosquitoes that transmit the disease: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the most common of which are caused by Aedes aegypti.Dengue fever occurs in all countries in tropical climates. In Vietnam, the disease is very common in all three regions, including in urban and rural areas. The disease occurs all year round but often breaks out into epidemics in the rainy season, especially in June - October every year.
This Dengue virus has 4 serotypes: DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4. Dengue fever is characterized by symptoms of fever, hemorrhage and plasma leakage, which can lead to hypovolemic shock, coagulation disorders, organ failure... If detected, diagnosed and treated promptly, it can easily lead to death.
Muỗi Aedes aegypti là véc tơ chủ yếu truyền bệnh sốt xuất huyết
2. Dengue fever has how many levels?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), dengue fever is divided into 3 levels from mild to severe:Dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue hemorrhagic fever has warning signs. Severe dengue hemorrhagic fever.
3. Severe dengue requires immediate hospitalization
Dengue fever has a variety of clinical manifestations, with rapid disease progression from mild to severe. The disease has a sudden onset and progresses through 3 stages: the febrile phase, the critical phase, and the convalescent phase. Note, the febrile stage corresponds to the normal form of Dengue hemorrhagic fever, the transition to the dangerous stage means that it has turned to the level of Dengue with warning signs and severe Dengue hemorrhagic fever.Of the dengue levels mentioned above, the case of Dengue hemorrhagic fever is the mildest dengue fever, which can be treated as an outpatient at home. Severe cases of dengue fever require hospitalization for inpatient treatment. More specifically, the dangerous phase usually occurs from the 3rd to the 7th day of the disease, at this time it is necessary to be hospitalized quickly for treatment, in order to limit serious complications, which can be life-threatening. .
4. Manifestations of dengue fever
Sốt cao khó hạ là biểu hiện đặc trưng của bệnh sốt xuất huyết
Symptoms are not specific but similar to severe flu. The patient has a sudden high fever, the temperature is from 39-40 degrees Celsius, lasts for 2-7 days, it is very difficult to reduce the fever. Severe headache in the forehead area, pain behind the eyeball. Rashes and skin rashes may appear. Severe dengue
Severe dengue includes signs of mild dengue accompanied by one or more of the following: Signs of hemorrhage: appearance of petechiae on the skin, nosebleeds, bleeding tooth roots, bruising at the injection site, vomiting/vomiting with fresh or black blood, black stools (due to internal bleeding). Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, cold hands and feet, whole body struggling, panic state (shock syndrome due to internal bleeding leading to blood loss, low blood pressure), Severe hemorrhagic fever is not emergency and treated. Timely treatment can lead to death. Note 5 warning signs of dengue fever worsening
Initially the patient has only mild symptoms of dengue fever should be treated at home, however, dengue fever can suddenly become severe, when it is necessary to take the patient to the hospital for examination and treatment:
The patient's general organs are naturally restless, irritable, or lethargic. Vomiting symptoms increase in frequency and quantity of vomit. The patient complains of abdominal pain or gradually increases the feeling of pain. Urinating less: the number of bowel movements is less and the quantity is also less. Bleeding anywhere: teeth roots, nosebleeds... When coming to the hospital, the doctor The doctor will evaluate 3 more signs of severe dengue fever: edema and effusion, hepatomegaly, and decreased platelets.
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