This is an automatically translated article.
Video content is professionally consulted by Doctor Vo Ta Son - Department of Fetal Medicine - Vinmec Times City International Hospital
The human nervous system, especially the fetal brain development from the womb, is an extremely miraculous process. Right from the 3rd week of pregnancy, the fetal brain has begun to form, develop and continuously improve until the fetus is born.
In terms of anatomical structure, the human brain is divided into 5 different regions, each of which is responsible for a separate function, including: cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, pituitary gland, region hypothalamus...
Only 16 days after conception, the fetal brain begins to form, grow in length and have folds. They then turn into a groove that gradually forms a neural tube. Around 6-7 weeks of pregnancy, the neural tube closes in a curvilinear fashion and divides into three parts: vestibule, midbrain, and posterior brain. The spinal cord will soon appear in the area adjacent to the posterior brain. Not long after, fetal brain development also originates from the neural tube and divides into 5 regions as listed in section 1. However, all fetal brain areas still need more time to develop. continue to mature completely. By the end of the first trimester, the baby is already capable of quite a few actions, although the mother cannot yet feel it.
During the second trimester, the fetal brain controls the regular contractions of the diaphragm and chest muscles, similar to breathing. At the same time, a protective layer that speeds up the transmission of signals between nerve cells, called myelin, will appear and cover the baby's nerves. Myelin will continue to grow until a child is one year old. If you want to use music to stimulate the baby's brain, this is the right time. During this time, do not forget to perform fetal ultrasound, fetal brain ultrasound to screen for birth defects.
At 28 weeks of pregnancy, the central nervous system can control rhythmic breathing and control body temperature. In particular, the fetal brain wave activity appeared in the sleep cycle, including the dream phase. The third trimester is the period when cells and the nervous system grow most rapidly.
In the process of forming and developing the human nervous system/brain, for many different reasons, the fetus may face problems with malformations such as: Open neural tube defects such as infertility craniocervical disease, cleft palate..., brain structural abnormalities such as aplasia of the corpus callosum, Dandy Walker..., developmental abnormalities of the cerebral cortex such as smooth brain... However, with advances In fetal ultrasound, these malformations can be detected early/very early. To be completely happy, remember that there are 3 very important ultrasound screening milestones, week 12, 22 and 32. The results of fetal ultrasound survey the fetal morphology right from the first trimester, especially the first trimester. surveying the fetal nervous system with 3D technology can observe and help the mother detect abnormalities at the earliest, to have the right direction of intervention.
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