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Ultrafine dust or PM 1.0 dust is liquid or solid particles floating in the air. Ultrafine dust or fine dust PM 1.0 causes DNA changes and many labeling problems that seriously affect human health.1. What is ultrafine dust?
Ultrafine dust or PM 1.0 dust is liquid or solid particles floating in the air. Scientists often use PM 10, PM 2.5, PM 1.0 indexes to express standard concentrations of liquid and solid particles floating in 1 m3 of air. And PM 1.0 superfine dust is understood as follows.
PM stands for English word - Particulate Matter, which means particulate matter (solid or liquid). The symbol 1.0 means that the size of particles is less than or equal to 1 micrometer in diameter (micrometer is abbreviated as μm, equal to 1 millionth of a meter). The symbols PM 1.0, PM 2.5 refer to particles with diameters less than or equal to 10 μm, 2.5 μm. The finer or finer the dust, the easier it is to go deep into the respiratory system and can affect the DNA structure, because the oxygen imbalance causes healthy cells to be damaged and affects the metabolism of organic substances. of DNA. Transition metals in dust components such as Cr, Cd, Ni and aldehydes can interfere with the DNA repair mechanism, causing lung cancer.
Fine dust PM 1.0 (size 1 μm), even nano dust (≤ 0.1 μm) can overcome all dust barriers of the respiratory system, blocking the oxygen exchange holes in the alveoli , which affects the structure of DNA.
2. Harm of ultra-fine dust?
Psychological illness: Air pollution, dust, etc. make the environment more stuffy and difficult to breathe, thereby making people's activities gradually affected and lead to abnormal psychological changes.
Bụi siêu mịn ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe con người
Respiratory diseases: the respiratory process is to bring oxygen to the lungs, in the lungs, oxygen comes into contact with the blood, in the blood there is hemoglobin, which combines with oxygen, carrying oxygen to the cells. Fine dust plus much CO or SO2, NO2 will prevent hemoglobin from combining with oxygen, causing cells to lack oxygen, causing eye, nose, throat and lung irritation, coughing, sneezing... and respiratory diseases. In addition, toxins in dust entering the human body will cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Myocardial infarction: in addition to respiratory disease, fine dust also attacks the alveoli, passes through the blood-gas barrier to enter the circulatory system and causes disease, fine dust can also affect the nervous system . Fine dust can also cause a blockage of a blood vessel that is normally not serious to suddenly burst, creating a blockage, causing a heart attack.
Severe memory loss: long-term exposure to polluted air can accelerate cognitive decline. Air pollution affects brain activity, increasing the risk of stroke and dementia and depression. PM2.5 is also known as a "silent killer" because it can promote cirrhosis and increase the risk of metabolic diseases and liver dysfunction. PM2.5 causes insulin resistance, inflammation and increases diabetes complications. Fine dust also attacks the alveoli, crosses the gas-blood barrier to enter the circulatory system and causes disease, affecting the nervous system.
3. What should be done to prevent the harmful effects of ultrafine dust?
To protect themselves, adults as well as children should wear masks when going out, limit circulation at busy times, avoid often polluted areas such as industrial parks, highways... can be used. Use a specialized mask to prevent the harmful effects of ultrafine dust.
Để bảo vệ bản thân người lớn cũng như trẻ em nên đeo khẩu trang khi ra đường
Limit wearing contact lenses because dust particles can get stuck between the pupil and the lens, thereby damaging the cornea. Should wash hands when coming home, drink enough water, use saline solution to clean the nose.
Choose to live in the openest place possible, with as many trees as possible and protect your body before going out. People who work in environments with high risk of heavy pollution such as mines, textiles, cement and steel mills, petrol and oil stores, etc. need to have standard labor protection.
Combine exercise, sports to improve health, improve resistance, and build a full diet including fruits and vegetables containing many vitamins, minerals and protein from meat, fish, eggs milk... in the daily meal.
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