This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Le Hong Lien - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital.Fertility tests for women are ordered by doctors to find the cause of female infertility. Female fertility declines over time, so it's important to get tested to find the cause and get treatment early.
1. When should fertility testing be performed on women?
If you and your partner have been trying for a long time but still have not had a child, you should go to a medical facility specializing in obstetrics to have fertility tests for women and men. Experts recommend that, if the wife is under 35 years old, the couple should go for a reproductive health check-up if they have had regular sex without using contraception for 12 months without becoming pregnant. If the wife is over 35 years old, it is recommended to check after 6 months of not being pregnant. Need to go to the doctor sooner, if you are worried about fertility such as a spouse who has been treated for cancer or has sexually transmitted diseases,...Accordingly, the couple needs to go. examination together. The doctor will ask questions about the couple's health and lifestyle such as:
Have you ever had long-term treatment or surgery? Are you on any medication? Do you smoke, drink alcohol, regularly use caffeinated foods or drinks, use illegal drugs? Do you live or work in a polluted environment, exposed to toxic chemicals, radioactive substances? The doctor will also ask questions about the couple's sex life, such as: How often the couple has sex; what birth control methods have been used in the past; have a sexually transmitted disease; difficulties during sexual intercourse...
Wife-specific questions such as:
Have you ever been pregnant before? Have you ever had a miscarriage? How have your periods been in the past year, regular or not, changes in menstrual blood volume, or the appearance of blood clots; Have you ever seen a doctor about infertility and been treated? You may feel shy about answering questions about your sex life, but having an open and honest discussion is very important for your doctor's initial assessment of your sexual health. reproductive health status of the couple.
Female fertility declines with age, so early treatment is essential. On the other hand, infertility treatment can be time-consuming, expensive and extremely difficult, so couples need to work together and support each other. Do not worry too much, stress because stress is also a factor affecting fertility.
Khám sức khỏe sinh sản ở cả 2 vợ chồng rất cần thiết
2. Fertility tests for women are commonly performed
A single test won't be able to do a comprehensive assessment, so your doctor will order many different tests to find fertility abnormalities in women. The tests that are usually done are:2.1. Pap smear
The Pap smear is a cytology test. To perform this test, the doctor will collect a sample of cells from the surface of the cervix, then smear it and look at it directly under a microscope to find out if there are any abnormal changes or deformation of the cells. The Pap Smear test helps to screen for cervical cancer and inflammatory diseases of the uterus. These conditions can affect pregnancy.2.2. Ovulation test
If a couple has sex at the time of ovulation, the chances of pregnancy are higher. Therefore, determining the time of ovulation in women is very important. There are many ovulation tests doctors can order such as:Tests check the level of progesterone hormone in the blood, increased hormone levels indicate that a woman is ovulating. Do a home urine test to detect Luteinizing hormone (LH). This hormone is elevated just before ovulation. Basal body temperature will increase after ovulation, so checking basal body temperature every morning is also a way to determine when you ovulate. Checking your body temperature continuously for a few months will help determine when you ovulate during the month.
Thực hiện test nước tiểu tại nhà là một cách xét nghiệm rụng trứng
2.3. Thyroid hormone test
Thyroid dysfunction affects ovulation and pregnancy, so thyroid hormone testing is important to detect thyroid infertility.2.4. Endocrine test
Endocrine tests are performed to evaluate the ovaries as well as their ability to store eggs.FSH hormone test : FSH is released from the anterior pituitary gland in the brain, helping to stimulate oocyte development. Normal healthy women have high blood levels of FSH demonstrating ovarian maturation. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome often have low FSH levels, and are at high risk of infertility. The AMH hormone test is an important test that helps evaluate the ovaries. AMH is a hormone secreted directly from cells in the ovarian follicles. Measurement of the hormone AMH helps to determine the number of eggs remaining in the ovary. If the AMH level is low, the chances of infertility are high. Prolactin hormone test: secreted from the anterior pituitary gland, Prolactin inhibits the hormone FSH and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). If the level of prolactin in the blood is high, it does not stimulate ovulation, causing infertility. LH hormone test: The LH hormone plays an important role in controlling the function of the ovaries. If LH levels in the body are abnormally high, a woman is at risk for primary ovarian failure, abnormally low LH levels can be a sign of secondary ovarian failure. Estradiol Hormone Test: Estradiol is a hormone secreted by the ovaries. Estradiol is done along with many other tests that help evaluate the ovaries. Women can have ovarian disease, hypogonadism when tests show abnormally high or low Estradiol levels.
Chỉ số xét nghiệm hormone FSH thấp có nguy cơ vô sinh cao.
3. Evaluation of ovaries and reproductive organs by imaging techniques
In addition to performing fertility tests for women, to find out the cause of the effect on fertility, the doctor will also prescribe imaging techniques to evaluate the ovaries and reproductive organs. such as ultrasound, laparoscopy,... Ultrasound can detect uterine diseases that interfere with pregnancy such as uterine fibroids or endometriosis, ovarian cysts ... Ultrasound also can detect signs that the fallopian tube connecting the ovary to the uterus is blocked, blocking the movement of the egg, causing infertility.In some cases, the doctor will order a contrast ultrasound (hysterosalpingo contrast ultrasonography) to more accurately examine the condition of the fallopian tubes. A special fluid is injected into the uterus through a tube placed in the cervix, and the ultrasound looks at the fluid moving through the fallopian tubes to detect blockages or other abnormalities. of the fallopian tube.
Laparoscopy is usually done when ultrasound results show abnormalities in the uterus, fallopian tubes, fallopian tubes,... Laparoscopy is both a diagnostic method and a treatment for infertility. After endoscopic identification of the abnormality, the doctor can combine surgery to treat that cause right in the surgery.
Trung tâm Hỗ trợ sinh sản Vinmec có các kỹ thuật hỗ trợ sinh sản tiên tiến nhất hiện nay
With high professional level and extensive experience, Vinmec's team of experts is capable of deploying. Synchronize and comprehensively the most advanced assisted reproductive techniques today, helping to realize the dream of parenthood of hundreds of families across Vietnam.
Specialist I Le Hong Lien has been an obstetrician-gynecologist at Vinmec Central Park International Hospital since November 2016. Doctor Lien has over 10 years of experience as a radiologist in the Department of Ultrasound at the leading hospital in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in the South - Tu Du Hospital.
Reference sources: nhs.uk, webmd.com
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