Benign breast fibroids should be operated?

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was professionally consulted with Doctor Phan Diem Doan Ngoc - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vinmec Central Park International General Hospital.

1. What is benign breast fibroid?

Benign fibromas are a number of solid, hormone-sensitive tumors, especially estrogens, that originate in the epithelium of the muscle structures located adjacent to the milk ducts outside the lobules. This tumor invades surrounding tissues, pushing these tissues aside without invading them. Fibrocystic breast lumps are usually harmless, but they can be uncomfortable for women.

2. Symptoms of fibroadenoma

Benign fibroids may be asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally when a mass is palpable in the breast. In addition, the following symptoms may appear:
Swelling in the breast. More sensitive breasts are sometimes accompanied by pain. Thicker breast tissue. Feel the presence of a hard mass in one or both breasts. You may feel pain under your arm. Some women have green or dark brown discharge from their nipples. On clinical examination, a typical fibroadenoma is usually round or long lobe, well-defined, dense, about 1-5cm in diameter, relatively mobile, so it can move slightly, when pressed on the area. The adjacent skin will see a noticeable lump. These tumors are often discovered incidentally. But there are also cases where a few months or years after surgical removal of the fibroadenoma, the tumor is found in the same breast or even in another breast.
These symptoms may be aggravated by the onset of the menstrual cycle due to hormonal changes, however in some people they may have these symptoms throughout the month. Fibroids in the breast tend to change in size throughout the month and can often move. If there is a lot of fibrous tissue, the tumor can be fixed in place.
The above symptoms can also be signs of breast cancer, so if you find an abnormal mass in the breast, you need to see a doctor for timely detection.

3. Risk factors for benign breast cancer

Women between the ages of 20 and 50. Women taking medications that contain estrogen, such as birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy.

4. Benign fibrocystic breast cancer treatments

If the fibroadenomas are < 2 cm and painless, the physician only needs to be followed up by physical examination, ultrasound, and mammography when accurately identified by fine-needle biopsy (FNAC).
Monitoring, symptomatic treatment, lifestyle changes: Most women with fibrocystic breast disease do not need invasive treatment. Home remedies to reduce pain and associated discomfort, possibly using pain relievers, and warm or cold compresses can help improve symptoms. In addition, some people find that limiting caffeine intake, eating a low-fat diet, or taking essential fatty acid supplements helps reduce symptoms of fibrocystic breast disease.
Dissection surgery: If the fibroid is >3cm, minor surgery can be performed, following the areola line to keep the aesthetics. After surgical dissection, it can be restored depending on the location of each person.
Breast fibroadenoma treatment method does not leave bad scars like surgical removal of the tumor. It is a method of burning with cold heat or burning with high frequency waves. The doctor will use an ultrasound probe to pinpoint the exact location of the tumor and then apply too low or too high a temperature directly to the tumor to destroy tumor cells. This method requires only local anesthesia. However, note that cold burning does not cause the tumor to disappear immediately, but it will shrink over time. The use of any treatment method should be carefully consulted by a specialist to avoid complications.
Currently, Vinmec International General Hospital applies the aspiration treatment of benign breast tumors with the assisted biopsy technique of the ultrasound-guided vacuum suction device (VABB), which has opened up a new path. overcome the disadvantages of traditional surgical methods. Thanks to this method, instead of having to open surgery to remove the tumor as before, the doctor only needs to insert the needle of the VABB machine to cut the tumor and suck the tumor out. Patients will experience less pain and no scarring. Especially, it does not cause breast deformation, does not require hospitalization. The patient does not need to undergo many incisions to remove the tumor, but just a single needle piercing can handle tumors, even treat multiple tumors at the same time.

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